内容简介：Open source tools used:sv2v provides pre-built binaries, we can download from [release page] (
OpenTitan RTL synthesis with Yosys
OpenTitan is the first open source project building a transparent, high-quality reference design and integration guidelines for silicon root of trust (RoT) chips. Yosys is a free/libre and open source framework for RTL synthesis tools. It currently has extensive Verilog-2005 support and provides a basic set of synthesis algorithms for various application domains. OpenTitan is a systemverilog project, but currently yosys only supports a small subset of systemverilog. So we need sv2v to convert the source code to verilog.
Open source tools used:
Install toolchain
Install sv2v
sv2v provides pre-built binaries, we can download from [release page] ( https://github.com/zachjs/sv2v/releases ) according to our own system, then unzip to executable path.
We can also build from source code. Since sv2v is a Haskell project, we need to install Haskell's build system on our computer, please refer to Stack . Through the following command we can obtain the source code of sv2v and build an executable file.
git clone https://github.com/zachjs/sv2v.git cd sv2v make
When the command completes the executable file is located at ./bin/sv2v . Copy the executable file to executable path, then the installation is complete.
Install yosys
If the system you are using is debian, you can install directly via apt-get.
If your system does not provide yosys, you can install from source code. Some prerequisites are need to build yosys, you can install the using the following command:
sudo apt-get install build-essential clang bison flex \ libreadline-dev gawk tcl-dev libffi-dev git \ graphviz xdot pkg-config python3 libboost-system-dev \ libboost-python-dev libboost-filesystem-dev zlib1g-dev
Then you need to get the source code of yosys, get it by the following command:
git clone https://github.com/YosysHQ/yosys.git
Then build by the following command:
make config-gcc make
Then install by the following command:
make install DESTDIR=path_you_want_to_install_to
Transcoding
OpenTitan is a complex project, it has some auxiliary programs to automatically generate some code. By reading the documentation, we can get the source code we need by the following command:
sudo apt-get install autoconf bison build-essential clang-format curl flake8 \
flex g++ git libelf1 libelf-dev libftdi1-2 libftdi1-dev libssl-dev \
libusb-1.0-0 make ninja-build pkgconf python3 python 3-pip \
python3-setuptools python3-wheel python3-yaml srecord tree zlib1g-dev
# install some python tools, execute in the path of opentitan
pip3 install --user --requirement python-requirements.txt
# Get gcc toolchain of riscv, execute in the path of opentitan
./util/get-toolchain.py
# install verilator
export VERILATOR_VERSION=4.028
git clone http://git.veripool.org/git/verilator
cd verilator
git checkout v$VERILATOR_VERSION
autoconf
./configure --prefix=/tools/verilator/$VERILATOR_VERSION
make
make install
export PATH=$PATH:/tools/riscv/bin:/tools/verilator/4.028/bin
git clone https://github.com/lowRISC/opentitan.git
cd opentitan
git checkout 75639fe11cd00896a57c34576b8574b6152168df
fusesoc --cores-root . run --target=sim --setup --build lowrisc:systems:top_earlgrey_verilator
Note: The execution of fusesoc above will cause an error, and the following corrections need to be made:
diff --git a/hw/ip/prim/util/primgen.py b/hw/ip/prim/util/primgen.py
index 49e73436..d22b3214 100755
--- a/hw/ip/prim/util/primgen.py
+++ b/hw/ip/prim/util/primgen.py
@@ -364,8 +364,8 @@ def _generate_abstract_impl(gapi):
yaml.dump(abstract_prim_core,
f,
encoding="utf-8",
- default_flow_style=False,
- sort_keys=False)
+ default_flow_style=False)#,
+ #sort_keys=False)
print("Core file written to %s" % (abstract_prim_core_filepath, ))
Then rtl code will be generated in build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src
There are a lot of declarative statements in systemverilog, and sv2v conversion of these statements will not generate any code. And the source code in the opentitan project lacks the include statement, sv2v will not find some declarations and definitions, which will cause some errors. So I need to create a file includes all the source code, the following is the file(opentitan.sv) I used:
`include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_cipher_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_rstmgr_pkg_0.1/rtl/rstmgr_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_pkg_0.1/rtl/ibex_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_top_earlgrey_pinmux_reg_0.1/rtl/autogen/pinmux_reg_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_hmac_0.1/rtl/hmac_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_hmac_0.1/rtl/hmac_reg_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_nmi_gen_0.1/rtl/nmi_gen_reg_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_reg_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_usb_fs_nb_pe_0.1/rtl/usb_consts_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_alert_handler_component_0.1/rtl/alert_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_alert_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_esc_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_top_earlgrey_rv_plic_0.1/rtl/autogen/rv_plic_reg_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_gpio_0.1/rtl/gpio_reg_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_tlul_headers_0.1/rtl/tlul_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_flash_ctrl_0.1/rtl/flash_ctrl_reg_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_usbdev_0.1/rtl/usbdev_reg_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_constants_top_pkg_0/top_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_rv_timer_0.1/rtl/rv_timer_reg_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_tracer_0.1/rtl/ibex_tracer_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_spi_device_0.1/rtl/spi_device_reg_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_spi_device_0.1/rtl/spi_device_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_uart_0.1/rtl/uart_reg_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_top_earlgrey_alert_handler_reg_0.1/rtl/autogen/alert_handler_reg_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_xbar_main_0.1/tl_main_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/pulp-platform_riscv-dbg_0.1_0/pulp_riscv_dbg/src/dm_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_abstract_prim_pkg_0.1/prim_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_xbar_peri_0.1/tl_peri_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_rstmgr_0.1/rtl/rstmgr_reg_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_pwrmgr_pkg_0.1/rtl/pwrmgr_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_pwrmgr_0.1/rtl/pwrmgr_reg_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_flash_ctrl_pkg_0.1/rtl/flash_ctrl_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_flash_ctrl_pkg_0.1/rtl/flash_phy_pkg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_pwrmgr_0.1/rtl/pwrmgr_cdc.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_pwrmgr_0.1/rtl/pwrmgr_slow_fsm.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_pwrmgr_0.1/rtl/pwrmgr_wake_info.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_pwrmgr_0.1/rtl/pwrmgr_fsm.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_pwrmgr_0.1/rtl/pwrmgr_reg_top.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_pwrmgr_0.1/rtl/pwrmgr.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_rstmgr_0.1/rtl/rstmgr_ctrl.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_rstmgr_0.1/rtl/rstmgr_info.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_rstmgr_0.1/rtl/rstmgr_por.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_rstmgr_0.1/rtl/rstmgr_reg_top.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_rstmgr_0.1/rtl/rstmgr.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_abstract_flash_0/prim_flash.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_abstract_rom_0/prim_rom.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_abstract_ram_1p_0/prim_ram_1p.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_xbar_peri_0.1/xbar_peri.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_abstract_ram_2p_0/prim_ram_2p.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_abstract_clock_gating_0/prim_clock_gating.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/pulp-platform_riscv-dbg_0.1_0/pulp_riscv_dbg/debug_rom/debug_rom.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_abstract_clock_mux2_0/prim_clock_mux2.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/pulp-platform_riscv-dbg_0.1_0/pulp_riscv_dbg/src/dm_csrs.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/pulp-platform_riscv-dbg_0.1_0/pulp_riscv_dbg/src/dmi_cdc.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/pulp-platform_riscv-dbg_0.1_0/pulp_riscv_dbg/src/dmi_jtag.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/pulp-platform_riscv-dbg_0.1_0/pulp_riscv_dbg/src/dmi_jtag_tap.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/pulp-platform_riscv-dbg_0.1_0/pulp_riscv_dbg/src/dm_mem.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/pulp-platform_riscv-dbg_0.1_0/pulp_riscv_dbg/src/dm_sba.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_xbar_main_0.1/xbar_main.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_rv_plic_component_0.1/rtl/rv_plic_target.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_rv_plic_component_0.1/rtl/rv_plic_gateway.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_alu.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_multdiv_slow.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_controller.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_counters.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_prefetch_buffer.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_compressed_decoder.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_fetch_fifo.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_pmp.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_multdiv_fast.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_cs_registers.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_core.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_register_file_ff.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_ex_block.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_if_stage.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_wb_stage.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_load_store_unit.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_id_stage.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_decoder.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_top_earlgrey_pinmux_reg_0.1/rtl/autogen/pinmux_reg_top.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_xilinx_pad_wrapper_0/rtl/prim_xilinx_pad_wrapper.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_hmac_0.1/rtl/sha2.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_hmac_0.1/rtl/sha2_pad.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_hmac_0.1/rtl/hmac_core.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_hmac_0.1/rtl/hmac_reg_top.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_hmac_0.1/rtl/hmac.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_generic_ram_2p_0/rtl/prim_generic_ram_2p.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_nmi_gen_0.1/rtl/nmi_gen_reg_top.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_nmi_gen_0.1/rtl/nmi_gen.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_generic_flash_0/rtl/prim_generic_flash.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_prng.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_sbox_lut.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_ctr.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_control.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_cipher_control.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_cipher_core.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_key_expand.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_sbox_canright.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_reg_top.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_sub_bytes.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_core.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_mix_single_column.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_shift_rows.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_sbox.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_aes_0.6/rtl/aes_mix_columns.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_usb_fs_nb_pe_0.1/rtl/usb_fs_nb_in_pe.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_usb_fs_nb_pe_0.1/rtl/usb_fs_nb_out_pe.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_usb_fs_nb_pe_0.1/rtl/usb_fs_tx.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_usb_fs_nb_pe_0.1/rtl/usb_fs_rx.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_usb_fs_nb_pe_0.1/rtl/usb_fs_nb_pe.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_usb_fs_nb_pe_0.1/rtl/usb_fs_tx_mux.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_xilinx_rom_0/rtl/prim_xilinx_rom.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_generic_clock_gating_0/rtl/prim_generic_clock_gating.sv" //`include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/rtl/top_earlgrey_verilator.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_generic_clock_mux2_0/rtl/prim_generic_clock_mux2.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_assert_0.1/rtl/prim_assert.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_diff_decode_0/rtl/prim_diff_decode.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_alert_handler_component_0.1/rtl/alert_handler_reg_wrap.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_alert_handler_component_0.1/rtl/alert_handler.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_alert_handler_component_0.1/rtl/alert_handler_class.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_alert_handler_component_0.1/rtl/alert_handler_esc_timer.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_alert_handler_component_0.1/rtl/alert_handler_ping_timer.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_alert_handler_component_0.1/rtl/alert_handler_accu.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_packer.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_filter_ctr.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_secded_39_32_dec.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_subreg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_arbiter_tree.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_present.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_flop_2sync.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_clock_inverter.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_esc_sender.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_ram_2p_adv.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_esc_receiver.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_arbiter_ppc.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_lfsr.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_filter.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_subreg_ext.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_alert_receiver.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_secded_39_32_enc.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_fifo_async.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_pulse_sync.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_prince.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_sram_arbiter.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_intr_hw.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_ram_2p_async_adv.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_fifo_sync.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_keccak.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_alert_sender.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_0.1/rtl/autogen/top_earlgrey.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_0.1/rtl/padctl.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_tlul_socket_1n_0.1/rtl/tlul_err_resp.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_tlul_socket_1n_0.1/rtl/tlul_socket_1n.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_rv_dm_0.1/rtl/rv_dm.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_tlul_adapter_host_0.1/rtl/tlul_adapter_host.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_tlul_sram2tlul_0.1/rtl/sram2tlul.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_generic_pad_wrapper_0/rtl/prim_generic_pad_wrapper.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_tlul_adapter_sram_0.1/rtl/tlul_adapter_sram.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_top_earlgrey_rv_plic_0.1/rtl/autogen/rv_plic_reg_top.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_top_earlgrey_rv_plic_0.1/rtl/autogen/rv_plic.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_gpio_0.1/rtl/gpio_reg_top.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_gpio_0.1/rtl/gpio.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_tlul_socket_m1_0.1/rtl/tlul_socket_m1.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_tlul_common_0.1/rtl/tlul_fifo_async.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_tlul_common_0.1/rtl/tlul_fifo_sync.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_tlul_common_0.1/rtl/tlul_assert.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_tlul_common_0.1/rtl/tlul_err.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_tlul_common_0.1/rtl/tlul_assert_multiple.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_flash_ctrl_0.1/rtl/flash_mp.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_flash_ctrl_0.1/rtl/flash_phy.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_flash_ctrl_0.1/rtl/flash_phy_core.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_flash_ctrl_0.1/rtl/flash_rd_ctrl.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_flash_ctrl_0.1/rtl/flash_ctrl.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_flash_ctrl_0.1/rtl/flash_prog_ctrl.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_flash_ctrl_0.1/rtl/flash_erase_ctrl.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_flash_ctrl_0.1/rtl/flash_ctrl_reg_top.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_usbdev_0.1/rtl/usbdev_iomux.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_usbdev_0.1/rtl/usbdev_reg_top.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_usbdev_0.1/rtl/usbdev.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_usbdev_0.1/rtl/usbdev_usbif.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_usbdev_0.1/rtl/usbdev_flop_2syncpulse.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_usbdev_0.1/rtl/usbdev_linkstate.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_xilinx_clock_mux2_0/rtl/prim_xilinx_clock_mux2.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_rv_timer_0.1/rtl/rv_timer_reg_top.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_rv_timer_0.1/rtl/rv_timer.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_rv_timer_0.1/rtl/timer_core.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_pinmux_component_0.1/rtl/pinmux.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_xilinx_ram_2p_0/rtl/prim_xilinx_ram_2p.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_tracer_0.1/rtl/ibex_tracer.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_spi_device_0.1/rtl/spi_fwmode.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_spi_device_0.1/rtl/spi_fwm_txf_ctrl.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_spi_device_0.1/rtl/spi_fwm_rxf_ctrl.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_spi_device_0.1/rtl/spi_device_reg_top.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_spi_device_0.1/rtl/spi_device.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_uart_0.1/rtl/uart_rx.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_uart_0.1/rtl/uart_reg_top.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_uart_0.1/rtl/uart.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_uart_0.1/rtl/uart_tx.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_uart_0.1/rtl/uart_core.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_generic_rom_0/rtl/prim_generic_rom.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_top_earlgrey_alert_handler_reg_0.1/rtl/autogen/alert_handler_reg_top.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_tlul_adapter_reg_0.1/rtl/tlul_adapter_reg.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_xilinx_clock_gating_0/rtl/prim_xilinx_clock_gating.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_generic_ram_1p_0/rtl/prim_generic_ram_1p.sv" `include "build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_rv_core_ibex_0.1/rtl/rv_core_ibex.sv"
Then use the following command to transcode to get verilog.
# "SYNTHESIS" macro is used for conditional compilation to remove some non-synthesizable code sv2v -DSYNTHESIS -I build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_assert_0.1/rtl opentitan.sv > opentitan.v
code fix
The code generated by sv2v cannot be used directly, and there are some problems that need to be fixed. The following are my modifications:
diff -r lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1 ~/workspaces/opentitan/build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1
diff -r lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_id_stage.sv /home/merle/workspaces/opentitan/build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_core_0.1/rtl/ibex_id_stage.sv
958c958
<
---
> /*
1021c1021
<
---
> */
diff -r lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_tracer_0.1/rtl/ibex_tracer.sv /home/merle/workspaces/opentitan/build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ibex_ibex_tracer_0.1/rtl/ibex_tracer.sv
65c65
<
---
> /*
643c643
< */
---
> * /
913c913
<
---
> */
diff -r lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_hmac_0.1/rtl/hmac_pkg.sv /home/merle/workspaces/opentitan/build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_ip_hmac_0.1/rtl/hmac_pkg.sv
51,52c51,53
< sha_word_t conv_data = {<<8{v}};
< conv_endian = (swap) ? conv_data : v ;
---
> //sha_word_t conv_data = {<<8{v}};
> //conv_endian = (swap) ? conv_data : v ;
> conv_endian = (swap) ? {v[7:0], v[15:8], v[23:16], v[31:24]} : v ;
diff -r lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_alert_receiver.sv /home/merle/workspaces/opentitan/build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_alert_receiver.sv
174c174
<
---
> /*
213c213
<
---
> */
diff -r lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_alert_sender.sv /home/merle/workspaces/opentitan/build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_alert_sender.sv
194c194
<
---
> /*
235c235
<
---
> */
diff -r lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_cipher_pkg.sv /home/merle/workspaces/opentitan/build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_cipher_pkg.sv
44c44
< parameter logic [11:0][63:0] PRINCE_ROUND_CONST = {64'hC0AC29B7C97C50DD,
---
> parameter logic [767:0] PRINCE_ROUND_CONST = {64'hC0AC29B7C97C50DD,
diff -r lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_lfsr.sv /home/merle/workspaces/opentitan/build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_lfsr.sv
302c302
< if (64'(LfsrType) == 64'("GAL_XOR")) begin : gen_gal_xor
---
> if (LfsrType == "GAL_XOR") begin : gen_gal_xor
327c327
< end else if (64'(LfsrType) == "FIB_XNOR") begin : gen_fib_xnor
---
> end else if (LfsrType == "FIB_XNOR") begin : gen_fib_xnor
392c392
< if (64'(LfsrType) == 64'("GAL_XOR")) begin
---
> if (LfsrType == "GAL_XOR") begin
402c402
< end else if (64'(LfsrType) == "FIB_XNOR") begin
---
> end else if (LfsrType == "FIB_XNOR") begin
438c438
< if (ExtSeedSVA) begin : gen_ext_seed_sva
---
> // if (ExtSeedSVA) begin : gen_ext_seed_sva
442,443c442,443
< `ASSERT(ExtDefaultSeedInputCheck_A, (seed_en_i && rst_ni) |=> lfsr_q == $past(seed_i))
< end
---
> // `ASSERT(ExtDefaultSeedInputCheck_A, (seed_en_i && rst_ni) |=> lfsr_q == $past(seed_i))
> // end
448c448
< if (LockupSVA) begin : gen_lockup_mechanism_sva
---
> // if (LockupSVA) begin : gen_lockup_mechanism_sva
450,452c450,452
< `ASSERT(LfsrLockupCheck_A, lfsr_en_i && lockup && !seed_en_i |=> !lockup)
< end
<
---
> // `ASSERT(LfsrLockupCheck_A, lfsr_en_i && lockup && !seed_en_i |=> !lockup)
> // end
> /*
486c486
<
---
> */
diff -r lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_prince.sv /home/merle/workspaces/opentitan/build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_all_0.1/rtl/prim_prince.sv
81c81
< data_state[0] ^= prim_cipher_pkg::PRINCE_ROUND_CONST[0][DataWidth-1:0];
---
> data_state[0] ^= prim_cipher_pkg::PRINCE_ROUND_CONST[0 * 64 + DataWidth-1: 0 * 64 + 0];
106c106
< prim_cipher_pkg::PRINCE_ROUND_CONST[k][DataWidth-1:0];
---
> prim_cipher_pkg::PRINCE_ROUND_CONST[k * 64 + DataWidth - 1:k * 64 + 0];
142c142
< prim_cipher_pkg::PRINCE_ROUND_CONST[10-NumRoundsHalf+k][DataWidth-1:0];
---
> prim_cipher_pkg::PRINCE_ROUND_CONST[(10 - NumRoundsHalf + k) * 64 + DataWidth - 1 : (10 - NumRoundsHalf + k) * 64 + 0];
167c167
< prim_cipher_pkg::PRINCE_ROUND_CONST[11][DataWidth-1:0];
---
> prim_cipher_pkg::PRINCE_ROUND_CONST[11 * 64 + DataWidth - 1: 11 * 64 + 0];
diff -r lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_diff_decode_0/rtl/prim_diff_decode.sv /home/merle/workspaces/opentitan/build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_diff_decode_0/rtl/prim_diff_decode.sv
210c210
<
---
> /*
259c259
<
---
> */
diff -r lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_generic_pad_wrapper_0/rtl/prim_generic_pad_wrapper.sv /home/merle/workspaces/opentitan/build/lowrisc_systems_top_earlgrey_verilator_0.1/src/lowrisc_prim_generic_pad_wrapper_0/rtl/prim_generic_pad_wrapper.sv
34a35
> /*
48c49,50
<
---
> */
> assign inout_io = (oe) ? out : 1'bz;
Empty statement
Since the assert statement is not synthesizable, no code will be generated. But there are some assertions in the source code based on the conditions, which will generate empty if statements. Yosys does not accept empty if statements.
The following files have empty sentences that need to be corrected:
ibex_id_stage.sv prim_diff_decode.sv prim_lfsr.sv prim_alert_receiver.sv prim_alert_sender.sv
Stream operator
In systemverilog, stream operators can easily implement endian conversion. sv2v will translate the stream manipulation into a complex function, causing yosys to report an error. We need to modify the corresponding code to achieve endian conversion by means of verilog. This code is located in hmac_pkg.sv .
The original implementation of systemverilog is as follows:
typedef logic [31:0] sha_word_t;
function automatic sha_word_t conv_endian( input sha_word_t v, input logic swap);
sha_word_t conv_data = {<<8{v}};
conv_endian = (swap) ? conv_data : v ;
endfunction : conv_endian
The revised implementation is as follows:
typedef logic [31:0] sha_word_t;
function automatic sha_word_t conv_endian( input sha_word_t v, input logic swap);
conv_endian = (swap) ? {v[7:0], v[15:8], v[23:16], v[31:24]} : v ;
endfunction : conv_endian
Driving strength
The strength syntax is not synthesizable, so the relevant code needs to be modified. The relevant code is located in the prim_generic_pad_wrapper.sv file
The code before modification is as follows:
// driving strength attributes are not supported by verilator `ifdef VERILATOR assign inout_io = (oe) ? out : 1'bz; `else // different driver types assign (strong0, strong1) inout_io = (oe && drv == STRONG_DRIVE) ? out : 1'bz; assign (pull0, pull1) inout_io = (oe && drv == WEAK_DRIVE) ? out : 1'bz; // pullup / pulldown termination assign (highz0, weak1) inout_io = pu; assign (weak0, highz1) inout_io = ~pd; // fake trireg emulation assign (weak0, weak1) inout_io = (kp) ? inout_io : 1'bz; `endif
The modified code is as follows:
assign inout_io = (oe) ? out : 1'bz; /* // driving strength attributes are not supported by verilator `ifdef VERILATOR assign inout_io = (oe) ? out : 1'bz; `else // different driver types assign (strong0, strong1) inout_io = (oe && drv == STRONG_DRIVE) ? out : 1'bz; assign (pull0, pull1) inout_io = (oe && drv == WEAK_DRIVE) ? out : 1'bz; // pullup / pulldown termination assign (highz0, weak1) inout_io = pu; assign (weak0, highz1) inout_io = ~pd; // fake trireg emulation assign (weak0, weak1) inout_io = (kp) ? inout_io : 1'bz; `endif */
ibex_tracer.sv
ibex_tracer is a module for outputting debugging and tracing information. It only has input signals no output signals. There are a large number of non-synthesizable codes. Errors will occur during synthesis, so comment out the module body.
prim_lfsr.sv
The prim_lfsr module has a parameter named LfsrType, which is a string. Located in the file prim_lfsr.sv. There are some string comparison codes in the code. These codes use type conversion. Sv2v translates it into a function named sv2v_cast_64. This function will trigger an error. So modify the source code and compare the strings directly.
Source code involved:
prim_cipher_pkg.sv prim_prince.sv
Two-dimensional array
There are restrictions on using two-dimensional arrays in verilog. sv2v converts the two-dimensional array declaration statement to a one-dimensional array when performing code conversion, but does not modify the code to access the two-dimensional array, so you need to manually modify the code to access the two-dimensional array.
Synthesize
First, we need to create a synthetic script(build.ys) for yosys. The content is as follows:
read_verilog opentitan.v hierarchy -check -top top_earlgrey synth_ice40 write_blif out.blif
Then use the following command to synthesize:
yosys -s build.ys
WIP Summary
For easier build, we released the build script and workaround patch here.
You can take a look at LUTs usage. It's not looking good due to the LUTs might be over the limit of the chips I currently have. Both ice40( ~5k) and ecp5( ~20-~85k) won't make it. Either make the OpenTitan lose some "weight"( optimization/customization) or get more expensive FPGA products. Virtex-7 FPGA VC707 and Alveo U250 seems overkill( a bit?) and more importantly those high end device aren't support well by open/libre FPGA toolchain. xc7 should be an optional.
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Hive编程指南
卡普廖洛 (Edward Capriolo)、万普勒 (Dean Wampler)、卢森格林 (Jason Rutherglen) / 曹坤 / 人民邮电出版社 / 2013-12-1 / 69
市场中第一本Hive图书。 Hive在Hadoop系统中的应用趋势比较可观。一起来看看 《Hive编程指南》 这本书的介绍吧!
