Python使用YAML

我们知道YAML比JSON更适合于作为配置文件，因为YAML更适合人阅读与编辑，而JSON更适合程序处理。

当我们希望在Web界面上编辑配置文件的时候，可以找到前端YAML编辑器插件来实现更好的编辑体验。

在后端数据库中，我们应该将YAML转化成JSON在入库，因为JSON更适合后端数据操作。

我们可以为 python 安装PyYAML库，实现YAML的序列化/反序列化，并且实现和JSON之间的互相转换： https://pypi.org/project/PyYAML/ 。

反序列化YAML

假设YAML如下：

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: myservice
spec:
  selector:
    app: myservice
  ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80

然后可以这样解析它：

import yaml
 
input = """
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: myservice
spec:
  selector:
    app: myservice
  ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80
"""
 
a = yaml.safe_load(input)
print(a)

YAML已被解析为python的字典：

{'kind': 'Service', 'apiVersion': 'v1', 'metadata': {'name': 'myservice'}, 'spec': {'selector': {'app': 'myservice'}, 'ports': [{'protocol': 'TCP', 'port': 80, 'targetPort': 80}]}}

序列化YAML

然后可以再把它变回YAML：

import yaml
 
input = """
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: myservice
spec:
  selector:
    app: myservice
  ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80
"""
 
a = yaml.safe_load(input)
b = yaml.safe_dump(a)
print(b)

输出如下：

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata: {name: myservice}
spec:
  ports:
  - {port: 80, protocol: TCP, targetPort: 80}
  selector: {app: myservice}

YAML转JSON

因为是python字典，也可以序列化为json：

import yaml
import json
 
input = """
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: myservice
spec:
  selector:
    app: myservice
  ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80
"""
 
a = yaml.safe_load(input)
b = json.dumps(a)
print(b)

输出如下：

{"kind": "Service", "apiVersion": "v1", "metadata": {"name": "myservice"}, "spec": {"selector": {"app": "myservice"}, "ports": [{"protocol": "TCP", "port": 80, "targetPort": 80}]}}

序列化/反序列化多个YAML

import yaml
import json
 
input = """
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: myservice
spec:
  selector:
    app: myservice
  ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: yourservice
spec:
  selector:
    app: yourservice
  ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80
---
"""
 
a = yaml.safe_load_all(input)
a = list(a)
 
b = yaml.safe_dump_all(a)
print(b)

输出：

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata: {name: myservice}
spec:
  ports:
  - {port: 80, protocol: TCP, targetPort: 80}
  selector: {app: myservice}
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata: {name: yourservice}
spec:
  ports:
  - {port: 80, protocol: TCP, targetPort: 80}
  selector: {app: yourservice}
--- null
...

博主无私的分享着知识，你愿意送他一顿热腾腾的早餐吗？