内容简介：Android QEMU 模拟器是我们日常 Android 开发中一个非常有力的工具，也是一套有很多值得玩的地方的系统，它还是开源的，主要由 Google Android 在维护。（Android QEMU 模拟器的源码下载、编译及调试方法可参考Android QEMU 模拟器的玩法很多，某些场景下会有将 Android QEMU 模拟器移植到不同的主机 CPU 架构上的需要，特别是 ARM64 平台。当前已经出现了不少 ARM64 的服务器硬件平台，可以运行完整的 Ubuntu Linux 等系统。大多数
Android QEMU 模拟器是我们日常 Android 开发中一个非常有力的工具，也是一套有很多值得玩的地方的系统，它还是开源的，主要由 Google Android 在维护。（Android QEMU 模拟器的源码下载、编译及调试方法可参考 Android 模拟器下载、编译及调试 ）目前大多数开发者所用的开发机器都是 X86 架构的，因而 Google 官方对于Android QEMU 模拟器的编译和运行，也假设都是在 X86 架构平台进行的。这种假设在整个 Android QEMU 模拟器的编译和运行方面都有所体现，如编译配置仅提供了 X86 的相关选项，编译 Android QEMU 模拟器所需的一些预编译第三方库仅提供了X86 或 X86_64 的版本，编译脚本里仅有对 X86 或 X86_64 主机平台的行为定义，在代码中运行时一些关键的操作上仅有X86 或 X86_64 主机平台的定义等。
Android QEMU 模拟器的玩法很多，某些场景下会有将 Android QEMU 模拟器移植到不同的主机 CPU 架构上的需要，特别是 ARM64 平台。当前已经出现了不少 ARM64 的服务器硬件平台，可以运行完整的 Ubuntu Linux 等系统。大多数 Android 终端采用 ARM 低功耗处理器，Android 系统运行于 ARM 平台，因而大多数 Android 应用对于 ARM 平台的支持会更好一点。ARM 目标 Android 系统运行于我们日常的 X86 开发机的模拟器上时，性能都非常差。在 ARM64 平台上运行 ARM 版模拟器，同时开启 KVM，则可以获得 Android QEMU 非常好的运行性能。（KVM/ARM 虚拟化技术的更多信息，可参考 KVM/ARM: AN OPEN-SOURCE ARM VIRTUALIZATION SYSTEM
)）ARM64 服务器 + ARM 版模拟器 + KVM 也就顺利成章地成为许多有趣的场景的技术基础。
本文以 ARM64 平台为例介绍把 Android QEMU 模拟器移植到 ARM64 Ubuntu Linux 平台的过程，其中 Code base 为 2019 年 3 月拉取，qemu 所用的 branch 为 emu-2.3-release。移植过程主要分为几个步骤，分别是配置编译，运行时问题，和 nowindow 及新功能。其中配置编译又分为配置脚本成功执行，预编译库的编译移植，和构建配置文件的移植修改。
1. 编译问题
Android QEMU 模拟器的源码中提供了构建脚本，可以用来构建生成二进制可执行文件。具体而言，是 qemu/android/rebuild.sh
。切换进 qemu 源码根目录，像下面这样执行 qemu/android/rebuild.sh
可以进行编译：
qemu$ android/rebuild.sh--no-tests Configuring build. Buildingsources. Ignoring unit tests suite. Done. !!
岁月静好，一切都是安安静静的。执行 rebuild.sh
脚本，并加上 --help
参数，可以看到这个脚本更详细的用法：
qemu$ android/rebuild.sh --help Configuring build. Usage: rebuild.sh [options] Options: [defaults in brackets after descriptions] Standard options: --help Print this message --cc=PATH Specify C compiler [gcc] --cxx=PATH Specify C++ compiler [g++] --no-strip Donot strip emulator executables. --strip Strip emulator executables (default). --symbols Generating Breakpad symbol files. --no-symbols Donot generate Breakpad symbol files (default). --crash-[staging,prod] Send crashes to specific server (no crash reporting by default). --gles=dgl Build the OpenGLES to Desktop OpenGL Translator (default) --gles=angle Build the OpenGLES to ANGLE wrapper --aosp-prebuilts-dir=<path> Use specific prebuilt toolchain root directory [emulator/prebuilts] --out-dir=<path> Use specific output directory [objs/] --mingw Build Windows executable on Linux --verbose Verbose configuration --debug Build debug version of the emulator --sanitizer=[...] Build with LLVM sanitizer (sanitizer=[address, thread]) --no-pcbios Disable copying of PC Bios files --no-tests Don't run unit test suite --benchmarks Build benchmark programs. --lto Force link-time optimization. ERROR: Configuration error, please run ./android/configure.sh to see why.
在执行 rebuild.sh
脚本时，加上 --no-tests
参数，可以在编译成功之后不运行单元测试，以加快编译完成时间，加上 --verbose
参数可以输出更详细的编译过程信息。
rebuild.sh
脚本的功能可以简单地理解为，清理之前编译遗留下来的配置文件和中间文件，执行 qemu/android/configure.sh
脚本完成配置，然后执行 make
完成编译。了解了这一点对于我们分析配置和编译过程中的错误非常有意义——当我们为出现的某个错误修改了代码时，不用每次都执行 rebuild.sh
脚本完整的进行一次构建来验证。
1.1 配置
如我们上面提到的，配置在执行 rebuild.sh
脚本时，它调用 qemu/android/configure.sh
脚本完成。 qemu/android/configure.sh
脚本也可以单独执行进行配置，如下面这样：
qemu$ android/configure.sh --no-tests --verbose
在 ARM 64 Ubuntu 平台上执行 qemu/android/configure.sh
脚本时，遇到的第一个问题是如下的报错：
qemu$ android/configure.sh --no-tests --verbose ERROR:aarch64 builds are not supported!
这主要是由 qemu/android/configure.sh
脚本中设置 BUILD_ARCH 的逻辑引起的，如下面这段代码（在 41 行左右）：
BUILD_ARCH=$(uname -m)
case "$BUILD_ARCH" in
i?86) BUILD_ARCH=x86
;;
x86_64|amd64) BUILD_ARCH=x86_64
;;
*) panic "$BUILD_ARCHbuilds are not supported!"
;;
esac
需要在上面这段代码中加入对与 ARM 64 平台的支持。具体怎么加？上面的代码其实已经给出了提示，ARM 64 的 arch 值可以通过 uname -m
命令获得：
qemu$uname -m aarch64
加完之后，脚本中配置 BUILD_ARCH 的代码将像下面这样：
BUILD_ARCH=$(uname -m)
case "$BUILD_ARCH" in
i?86) BUILD_ARCH=x86
;;
x86_64|amd64) BUILD_ARCH=x86_64
;;
aarch64) BUILD_ARCH=aarch64
;;
*) panic "$BUILD_ARCHbuilds are not supported!"
;;
esac
再次执行 qemu/android/configure.sh
脚本，遇到如下的错误：
qemu$ android/configure.sh --no-tests --verbose Auto-config: --gles=dgl Auto-config: --out-dir=objs Prebuilt : CCACHE=/usr/bin/ccache ERROR:Cannot generate SDK toolchain!
这个错误信息在 qemu/android/configure.sh
脚本中抛出，但原因是在执行 qemu/android/scripts/gen-android-sdk-toolchain.sh
脚本时出错导致，错误的原因有多个，一是在 qemu/android/scripts/utils/common.shi
脚本中定义的 get_build_arch()
函数有 bug 所致，该函数的定义如下：
# Return the build machine's CPU architecture.
# Valid return values are:
# x86
# x86_64
get_build_arch () {
local TEST
if [ -z "$_SHU_BUILD_ARCH" ]; then
case $(get_build_os) in
linux|darwin)
_SHU_BUILD_ARCH=$(uname -m)
# Kernel bitness might not match user space, so test
# the bitness of our shell to know what the user is
# really running.
TEST=$(/usr/bin/file -L $SHELL 2>/dev/null | grep 'x86[_-]64')
if [ "$TEST" ]; then
_SHU_BUILD_ARCH=x86_64
fi
;;
windows|cygwin)
case $PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE in
ADM64)
_SHU_BUILD_ARCH=x86_64
;;
*)
_SHU_BUILD_ARCH=x86
;;
esac
;;
*)
_SHU_BUILD_ARCH=$(uname -p)
;;
esac
fi
echo "$_SHU_BUILD_ARCH"
}
其中 bug 主要出在 TEST=$(/usr/bin/file -L $SHELL 2>/dev/null | grep 'x86[_-]64')
。这一行想通过 file 命令获取 shell 程序的文件属性中 CPU 架构有关的信息来获取主机的 CPU 架构信息，但当 grep 'x86[_-]64'
失败时，会导致整个脚本以非零错误值退出。另外这个函数本身没有考虑对非 x86 架构的支持。修正这个问题：
# Return the build machine's CPU architecture.
# Valid return values are:
# x86
# x86_64
get_build_arch () {
local TEST
if [ -z "$_SHU_BUILD_ARCH" ]; then
case $(get_build_os) in
linux|darwin)
_SHU_BUILD_ARCH=$(uname -m)
# Kernel bitness might not match user space, so test
# the bitness of our shell to know what the user is
# really running.
TEST=$(/usr/bin/file -L $SHELL 2>/dev/null | grep 'x86[_-]64' | cat)
if [ "$TEST" ]; then
_SHU_BUILD_ARCH=x86_64
fi
if [ -z "$_SHU_BUILD_ARCH" ]; then
_SHU_BUILD_ARCH=$(uname -p)
fi
;;
windows|cygwin)
case $PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE in
ADM64)
_SHU_BUILD_ARCH=x86_64
;;
*)
_SHU_BUILD_ARCH=x86
;;
esac
;;
*)
_SHU_BUILD_ARCH=$(uname -p)
;;
esac
fi
echo "$_SHU_BUILD_ARCH"
}
修改完问题依旧:
qemu$ android/configure.sh --no-tests --verbose Auto-config: --gles=dgl Auto-config: --out-dir=objs Prebuilt : CCACHE=/usr/bin/ccache ERROR:Host system 'linux-aarch64' is not supported by this script! ERROR:Cannot generate SDK toolchain!
在 qemu/android/scripts/gen-android-sdk-toolchain.sh
中对于 GNU_CONFIG_HOST
和 EXTRA_CFLAGS
的配置也需要有对 ARM 64 平台的支持：
case $CURRENT_HOST in
linux-aarch64)
GNU_CONFIG_HOST=aarch64-linux
;;
linux-x86_64)
GNU_CONFIG_HOST=x86_64-linux
;;
linux-x86)
GNU_CONFIG_HOST=i686-linux
;;
windows-x86)
GNU_CONFIG_HOST=i686-w64-mingw32
;;
windows-x86_64)
GNU_CONFIG_HOST=x86_64-w64-mingw32
;;
darwin-*)
# Use host compiler.
GNU_CONFIG_HOST=
;;
*)
panic "Host system '$CURRENT_HOST' is not supported by this script!"
;;
esac
. . . . . .
case $CURRENT_HOST in
darwin-x86_64)
common_FLAGS="-target x86_64-apple-darwin12.0.0"
var_append common_FLAGS " -isysroot$OSX_SDK_ROOT"
var_append common_FLAGS " -mmacosx-version-min=$OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET"
var_append common_FLAGS " -DMACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=$OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET"
EXTRA_CFLAGS="$common_FLAGS"
EXTRA_CXXFLAGS="$common_FLAGS"
if [ "$OPT_CXX11" ]; then
var_append EXTRA_CXXFLAGS "-stdlib=libc++"
fi
EXTRA_LDFLAGS="-syslibroot$OSX_SDK_ROOT"
;;
darwin-x86)
panic "Host system '$CURRENT_HOST' is not supported by this script!"
;;
*-x86)
EXTRA_CFLAGS="-m32"
EXTRA_CXXFLAGS="-m32"
;;
*-x86_64)
EXTRA_CFLAGS="-m64"
EXTRA_CXXFLAGS="-m64"
;;
*-aarch64)
EXTRA_CFLAGS=""
EXTRA_CXXFLAGS="-std=c++11"
EXTRA_LDFLAGS=""
;;
*)
panic "Host system '$CURRENT_HOST' is not supported by this script!"
;;
esac
再次执行 qemu/android/configure.sh
脚本，遇到如下的错误：
$ android/configure.sh --no-tests --verbose Auto-config: --gles=dgl Auto-config: --out-dir=objs Prebuilt : CCACHE=/usr/bin/ccache Object : objs/build/toolchain/aarch64-linux-gcc -o /tmp/android-29561-test.o -c /tmp/android-29561-test.c your C compiler doesn't seem to work: objs/build/toolchain/aarch64-linux-gcc ccache: error: execv of emulator/prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/host/x86_64-linux-glibc2.11-4.8/bin/x86_64-linux-gcc failed: Exec format error
这个是在 android/configure.sh
脚本中（大约115 行），调用由 qemu/android/scripts/gen-android-sdk-toolchain.sh
生成的 gcc 编译器包装器执行编译测试时发生的错误。 qemu/android/scripts/gen-android-sdk-toolchain.sh
脚本会在 objs/build/toolchain/
目录下生成构建 工具 链的包装器脚本：
qemu$ ls objs/build/toolchain/ aarch64-linux-ar aarch64-linux-c++ aarch64-linux-g++ aarch64-linux-ld aarch64-linux-objcopy aarch64-linux-ranlib aarch64-linux-strip aarch64-linux-as aarch64-linux-cpp aarch64-linux-gcc aarch64-linux-nm aarch64-linux-objdump aarch64-linux-strings pkgconfig
这些脚本的内容类似与下面这样：
qemu$ cat objs/build/toolchain/aarch64-linux-gcc #!/bin/sh # Auto-generated by gen-android-sdk-toolchain.sh, DO NOT EDIT!! # Environment setup # Tool invokation. /usr/bin/ccache emulator/prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/host/x86_64-linux-glibc2.11-4.8/bin/x86_64-linux-gcc "$@"
即 qemu/android/scripts/gen-android-sdk-toolchain.sh
脚本根据系统配置，将构建工具链的路径统一化。对于 ARM 64 平台的编译，上面的脚本内容显然是错误的。但这些内容是怎么来的呢？它们是在 qemu/android/scripts/gen-android-sdk-toolchain.sh
脚本通过 prepare_build_for_host -> gen_wrapper_toolchain -> gen_wrapper_program 这一系列函数调用产生的。路径中的一些前缀，在 prepare_build_for_host 函数中，通过调用定义在 qemu/android/scripts/utils/aosp_dir.shi
文件中的 aosp_prebuilt_toolchain_subdir_for
和 aosp_prebuilt_toolchain_prefix_for
函数获得，这两个函数缺乏对于 ARM 64 的支持。
修正这个问题（即修改 qemu/android/scripts/utils/aosp_dir.shi
文件中的 aosp_prebuilt_toolchain_subdir_for
和 aosp_prebuilt_toolchain_prefix_for
函数定义）：
# Return the AOSP subdirectory that contains the prebuilt toolchain to be
# used for a given host system.
# $1: System name (e.g. 'linux' or 'linux-x86_64')
aosp_prebuilt_toolchain_subdir_for () {
case $1 in
linux-aarch64)
printf "prebuilts/gcc/linux-aarch64/host/gcc-arm-none-eabi"
;;
linux*)
printf "prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/host/x86_64-linux-glibc2.11-4.8"
;;
darwin*)
printf "prebuilts/clang/darwin-x86/sdk/3.5"
;;
windows*)
printf "prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/host/x86_64-w64-mingw32-4.8"
;;
esac
}
. . . . . .
aosp_prebuilt_toolchain_prefix_for () {
case $1 in
linux-aarch64)
printf "arm-none-eabi-"
;;
linux*)
printf "x86_64-linux-"
;;
darwin*)
printf ""
;;
windows*)
printf "x86_64-w64-mingw32-"
;;
esac
}
再次执行 qemu/android/configure.sh
脚本，遇到如下的错误：
Copying Qt prebuilt libraries from emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/qt Copying e2fsprogs binaries. Copying emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/common/e2fsprogs/linux-x86_64/sbin/* -> objs/bin64/ Copying toolchain libraries to bundle with the program Bundling libstdc++ cp: cannot stat 'emulator/prebuilts/gcc/linux-aarch64/host/gcc-arm-none-eabi/arm-none-eabi/lib/libstdc++.so': No such file or directory ERROR: Cound't copy emulator/prebuilts/gcc/linux-aarch64/host/gcc-arm-none-eabi/arm-none-eabi/lib/libstdc++.so-->objs/lib/libstdc++/libstdc++.so
这个是在拷贝 C++ 标准库是出现的问题。需要修改几个地方：一是 qemu/android/scripts/utils/aosp_dir.shi
文件中的 aosp_prebuilt_toolchain_sysroot_subdir_for
函数，提供对 ARM 64 的支持，找到正确的文件路径：
# Return the AOSP subdirectory corresponding to the toolchain's sysroot.
# $1: System name (e.g. 'linux-x86' or 'linux-x86_64')
aosp_prebuilt_toolchain_sysroot_subdir_for () {
local PREBUILT_DIR
PREBUILT_DIR="$(aosp_prebuilt_toolchain_subdir_for "$1")"
case $1 in
linux-aarch64)
printf "${PREBUILT_DIR}/arm-none-eabi"
;;
linux*)
printf "${PREBUILT_DIR}/x86_64-linux"
;;
darwin*)
# We use the developer machine's system SDK.
printf ""
;;
windows*)
printf "${PREBUILT_DIR}/x86_64-w64-mingw32"
;;
esac
}
二是 qemu/android/configure.sh
脚本中的 copy_toolchain_lib 函数及该函数调用的地方：
# $3: Name of the library (without the .so suffix).
copy_toolchain_lib () {
local DESTDIR SRCDIR NAME
local FROM REALNAME
local SYMLINK SYMNAME
DESTDIR="$1"
SRCDIR="$2"
NAME="$3.so"
if [ ! -f "${SRCDIR}/${NAME}" ]; then
NAME="$3.a"
fi
mkdir -p "${DESTDIR}" || panic "Failed to created${DESTDIR}"
. . . . . .
for BUNDLED_LIB in libstdc++; do
log " Bundling${BUNDLED_LIB}"
case "$BUILD_ARCH" in
aarch64) copy_toolchain_lib "${OUT_DIR}/lib/libstdc++" "${TOOLCHAIN_SYSROOT}/lib" "${BUNDLED_LIB}"
;;
*) copy_toolchain_lib "${OUT_DIR}/lib/libstdc++" "${TOOLCHAIN_SYSROOT}/lib32" "${BUNDLED_LIB}"
;;
esac
copy_toolchain_lib "${OUT_DIR}/lib64/libstdc++" "${TOOLCHAIN_SYSROOT}/lib64" "${BUNDLED_LIB}"
done
这是由于没有32 位 ARM 的平台的 C++ 标准库的动态库文件。
再次执行 qemu/android/configure.sh
脚本，终于成功完成：
qemu_3.1$ android/configure.sh --no-tests --verbose Auto-config: --gles=dgl Auto-config: --out-dir=objs Prebuilt : CCACHE=/usr/bin/ccache Object : objs/build/toolchain/aarch64-linux-gcc -o /tmp/android-25912-test.o -c /tmp/android-25912-test.c CC : compiler check ok (objs/build/toolchain/aarch64-linux-gcc) CC_VER : arm-none-eabi-gcc (Ubuntu/Linaro 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.11) 5.4.0 20160609 Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Link : objs/build/toolchain/aarch64-linux-gcc -o /tmp/android-25912-test /tmp/android-25912-test.o LD : linker check ok (objs/build/toolchain/aarch64-linux-gcc) AR : archiver (objs/build/toolchain/aarch64-linux-ar) GLES : Found GPU emulation sources: android/android-emugl PC Bios : Probing emulator/prebuilts/qemu-kernel/x86/pc-bios PC Bios : Copying bios.bin PC Bios : Copying vgabios-cirrus.bin PC Bios : Copying bios-256k.bin PC Bios : Copying efi-virtio.rom PC Bios : Copying kvmvapic.bin PC Bios : Copying linuxboot.bin PC Bios : Copying linuxboot_dma.bin Object : objs/build/toolchain/aarch64-linux-gcc -o /tmp/android-25912-test.o -c /tmp/android-25912-test.c CC : compiler check ok (objs/build/toolchain/aarch64-linux-gcc) CC_VER : arm-none-eabi-gcc (Ubuntu/Linaro 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.11) 5.4.0 20160609 Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Link : objs/build/toolchain/aarch64-linux-gcc -o /tmp/android-25912-test /tmp/android-25912-test.o LD : linker check ok (objs/build/toolchain/aarch64-linux-gcc) AR : archiver (objs/build/toolchain/aarch64-linux-ar) Zlib prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/qemu-android-deps Libpng prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/qemu-android-deps Libxml2 prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/common/libxml2 LibCURL prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/curl LibANGLEtranslation prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/common/ANGLE Protobuf prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/protobuf Breakpad prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/common/breakpad Qt prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/qt e2fsprogs prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/common/e2fsprogs ffmpeg prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/common/ffmpeg x264 prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/common/x264 HeaderCheck: <byteswap.h> Object : objs/build/toolchain/aarch64-linux-gcc -o /tmp/android-25912-test.o -c /tmp/android-25912-test.c HeaderCheck: <byteswap.h> [yes] HeaderCheck: <machine/bswap.h> Object : objs/build/toolchain/aarch64-linux-gcc -o /tmp/android-25912-test.o -c /tmp/android-25912-test.c HeaderCheck: <machine/bswap.h> [no] HeaderCheck: <fnmatch.h> Object : objs/build/toolchain/aarch64-linux-gcc -o /tmp/android-25912-test.o -c /tmp/android-25912-test.c HeaderCheck: <fnmatch.h> [yes] Copying Swiftshader prebuilt libraries from emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/common/swiftshader Copying Mesa prebuilt libraries from emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/mesa Copying Qt prebuilt libraries from emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/qt Copying e2fsprogs binaries. Copying emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/common/e2fsprogs/linux-x86_64/sbin/* -> objs/bin64/ Copying toolchain libraries to bundle with the program Bundling libstdc++ Mingw : No libwinpthread-1.dll available. Generate : objs/build/config.make QEMU2 : android/.. [auto-detect] Generate : objs/build/config-host.h Generate : objs/build/qemu1-qapi-auto-generated QEMU2 : Configuring. QEMU2 Dependencies prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/qemu-android-deps QEMU2 : Version [] Ready to go. Type 'make' to build emulator
至此，总算可以执行编译配置。
1.2 依赖
qemu/android/configure.sh
脚本吐出来的信息包含了构建 Android QEMU 模拟器时所需的主要的库及其预编译库文件的路径。
Zlib prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/qemu-android-deps Libpng prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/qemu-android-deps Libxml2 prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/common/libxml2 LibCURL prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/curl LibANGLEtranslation prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/common/ANGLE Protobuf prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/protobuf Breakpad prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/common/breakpad Qt prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/qt e2fsprogs prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/common/e2fsprogs ffmpeg prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/common/ffmpeg x264 prebuilts dir: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/common/x264
解决依赖问题主要是为这些库编译出 ARM 64 平台的二进制库文件，并放置在上面的位置。编译上面的这些库，可以通过 qemu/android/scripts/
目录下，名为 build-xxx.sh
的脚本完成：
qemu$ ls android/scripts/ build-ANGLE.sh build-ffmpeg.sh build-protobuf.sh build-wine.sh gen-charmap.py gles3translatorgen set-cpu-governor.sh build-breakpad.sh build-libxml2.sh build-qemu-android-deps.sh build-x264.sh gen-entries.py migrate-glue-code.py tests build-curl.sh build-mesa-deps.sh build-qemu-android.sh download-sources.sh generate-android-icons.sh offset_layout.py upload-symbols.sh build-e2fsprogs.sh build-mesa.sh build-qt.sh gen-android-sdk-toolchain.sh gen-hw-config.py package-release.sh util
对于不同库，上面的这些脚本可用性不太一样，有些脚本可以直接为 ARM 64 平台编译出二进制文件，有些则需要做更多的移植修改。这里暂时先不对这些依赖库的构建做更详细的说明。
1.3 编译配置
如上面成功执行 qemu/android/configure.sh
脚本之后看到的那样，配置完成之后，可以通过执行 make
开始编译：
qemu$ make Build: Unsupported host architecture: aarch64 android/build/core/definitions-init.mk:251: *** Build: Aborting . Stop.
只是一上来，就报了错，在 android/build/core/definitions-init.mk
的 251 行左右：
else # BUILD_HOST_OS_BASE != windows
UNAME := $(shell uname -m)
ifneq (,$(findstring 86,$(UNAME)))
BUILD_HOST_ARCH := x86
ifneq (,$(shell $(BUILD_HOST_FILE_PROGRAM) -L $(SHELL) | grep 'x86[_-]64'))
BUILD_HOST_ARCH64 := x86_64
endif
endif
# We should probably should not care at all
ifneq (,$(findstring Power,$(UNAME)))
BUILD_HOST_ARCH := ppc
endif
ifeq ($(BUILD_HOST_ARCH),)
$(call -build-info,Unsupported host architecture: $(UNAME))
$(call -build-error,Aborting)
endif
endif # BUILD_HOST_OS_BASE != windows
上面这个报错是由于在 android/build/core/definitions-init.mk
构建配置文件中缺乏对于 ARM 64 平台的支持。将上面那段代码修改为下面这样：
else # BUILD_HOST_OS_BASE != windows
UNAME := $(shell uname -m)
ifneq (,$(findstring 86,$(UNAME)))
BUILD_HOST_ARCH := x86
ifneq (,$(shell $(BUILD_HOST_FILE_PROGRAM) -L $(SHELL) | grep 'x86[_-]64'))
BUILD_HOST_ARCH64 := x86_64
endif
endif
# We should probably should not care at all
ifneq (,$(findstring Power,$(UNAME)))
BUILD_HOST_ARCH := ppc
endif
ifneq (,$(findstring aarch64,$(UNAME)))
BUILD_HOST_ARCH := aarch64
endif
ifeq ($(BUILD_HOST_ARCH),)
$(call -build-info,Unsupported host architecture: $(UNAME))
$(call -build-error,Aborting)
endif
endif # BUILD_HOST_OS_BASE != windows
再次执行 make
，出现了另外的 error：
qemu_3.1$ make PrebuiltLibrary: objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-zlib/emulator-zlib.a PrebuiltLibrary: objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libcurl/emulator-libcurl.a PrebuiltLibrary: objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libssl/emulator-libssl.a PrebuiltLibrary: objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libcrypto/emulator-libcrypto.a PrebuiltLibrary: objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libuuid/emulator-libuuid.a PrebuiltLibrary: objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libxml2/emulator-libxml2.a Compile: emulator-libsparse <= src/backed_block.c arm-none-eabi-gcc: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-m64’ android/build/emulator/binary.make:84: recipe for target 'objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libsparse/src/backed_block.o' failed make: *** [objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libsparse/src/backed_block.o] Error 1
这主要是在 android/build/emulator/binary.make
构建配置文件中，配置的 ‘-m64’ 等编译选项，ARM 平台的编译器不支持。为这个配置文件中，添加 ‘-m64’ 等编译选项的代码，加上判断，仅在 x86_64
平台上才添加这些编译选项，如下面这样：
ifeq (x86_64,$(BUILD_HOST_ARCH64))
# Ensure only one of -m32 or -m64 is being used and place it first.
LOCAL_CFLAGS := \
-m$(LOCAL_BITS) \
$(filter-out -m32 -m64, $(LOCAL_CFLAGS))
LOCAL_LDFLAGS := \
-m$(LOCAL_BITS) \
$(filter-out -m32 -m64, $(LOCAL_LDFLAGS))
endif
再次执行 make
，不出意外仍然编译失败，报错如下：
PrebuiltLibrary: objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libbreakpad/emulator-libbreakpad.a PrebuiltLibrary: objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libdisasm/emulator-libdisasm.a Compile: emulator-libjpeg <= jcapimin.c arm-none-eabi-gcc: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-msse2’ android/build/emulator/binary.make:86: recipe for target 'objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libjpeg/jcapimin.o' failed make: *** [objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libjpeg/jcapimin.o] Error 1
这是由于在 android/build/emulator/binary.make
编译配置文件中，编译 C 文件时，编译选项 ‘-msse2’ 无法被 ARM 平台上的编译器识别所致：
$(foreach src,$(LOCAL_C_SOURCES), \
$(eval $(call compile-c-source,$(src))) \
)
修改 qemu/android/third_party/jpeg-6b/libjpeg.mk
文件中如下的这段代码：
LOCAL_CFLAGS += \
-DAVOID_TABLES \
-O3 \
-fstrict-aliasing \
-DANDROID_INTELSSE2_IDCT \
-msse2 \
-DANDROID_TILE_BASED_DECODE \
-Wno-all \
修改为下面这样：
LOCAL_CFLAGS += \
-DAVOID_TABLES \
-O3 \
-fstrict-aliasing \
-DANDROID_TILE_BASED_DECODE \
-Wno-all \
ifneq (aarch64,$(BUILD_HOST_ARCH64))
LOCAL_CFLAGS += \
-DANDROID_INTELSSE2_IDCT \
-msse2 \
endif
以使得在 ARM 平台上编译的时候，不会加上 ‘-msse2’ 编译选项。再次执行 make
，依然编译失败，报错如下：
Compile: android-emu<= android/wear-agent/PairUpWearPhone.cpp
Library: objs/build/intermediates64/android-emu/android-emu.a
Qt uic: ui_extended.h <-- android/android-emu/android/skin/qt/extended.ui
emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/qt/linux-x86_64/bin/uic:1: emulator/prebuilts/android-emulator-build/qt/linux-x86_64/bin/uic:Syntax error: "(" unexpected
android/build/emulator/binary.make:106:recipe for target 'objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libui/ui_extended.h' failed
make: *** [objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libui/ui_extended.h]Error 2
这是由于在 qemu/android/third_party/Qt5.mk 构建配置文件中，缺少对 ARM 平台的支持，如下面这样：
QT_TOP_DIR := $(QT_PREBUILTS_DIR)/$(BUILD_TARGET_TAG) QT_TOP64_DIR := $(QT_PREBUILTS_DIR)/$(BUILD_TARGET_OS)-x86_64 QT_MOC_TOOL := $(QT_TOP64_DIR)/bin/moc QT_RCC_TOOL := $(QT_TOP64_DIR)/bin/rcc
修改这个配置文件，增加对 ARM 64 平台的支持，来解决这个问题：
QT_TOP_DIR := $(QT_PREBUILTS_DIR)/$(BUILD_TARGET_TAG) ifeq (aarch64,$(BUILD_HOST_ARCH)) QT_TOP64_DIR := $(QT_PREBUILTS_DIR)/$(BUILD_TARGET_OS)-aarch64 else QT_TOP64_DIR := $(QT_PREBUILTS_DIR)/$(BUILD_TARGET_OS)-x86_64 endif QT_MOC_TOOL := $(QT_TOP64_DIR)/bin/moc QT_RCC_TOOL := $(QT_TOP64_DIR)/bin/rcc
再次执行 make
，依然编译失败，报错如下：
Qt rcc (dynamic): resources.rcc <-- android/android-emu/android/skin/qt/resources.qrc Install: objs/resources/resources.rcc Compile: emulator-libui <= android/skin/charmap.c arm-none-eabi-gcc: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-mmmx’ android/build/emulator/binary.make:86: recipe for target 'objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libui/android/skin/charmap.o' failed make: *** [objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libui/android/skin/charmap.o] Error 1
又是一个由于编译选项编译器无法识别的问题。这通过修改 qemu/android/android-emu/android/skin/sources.mk 文件中如下的代码来解决：
# enable MMX code for our skin scaler ANDROID_SKIN_CFLAGS+= -DUSE_MMX=1 -mmmx
修改为：
# enable MMX code for our skin scaler
ifneq ($(BUILD_TARGET_ARCH),aarch64)
ANDROID_SKIN_CFLAGS += -DUSE_MMX=1 -mmmx
endif
同时修改 qemu/android/build/Makefile.top.mk 文件中的如下代码段：
ifdef EMULATOR_BUILD_64BITS BUILD_TARGET_BITS:= 64 BUILD_TARGET_ARCH:= x86_64 BUILD_TARGET_SUFFIX:= 64 include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android/build/Makefile.common.mk endif
修改为：
ifdef EMULATOR_BUILD_64BITS
BUILD_TARGET_BITS:= 64
ifeq (aarch64,$(BUILD_HOST_ARCH))
BUILD_TARGET_ARCH:= aarch64
else
BUILD_TARGET_ARCH:= x86_64
endif
BUILD_TARGET_SUFFIX:= 64
include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android/build/Makefile.common.mk
endif
以增加对 ARM 64 平台的支持。Android QEMU 的构建系统在编译时，会同时编译出QEMU1 和 QEMU2 的模拟器，这主要在 android/build/Makefile.common.mk 文件中控制：
include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android/android-emu/Makefile.crash-service.mk include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android/qemu1/Makefile.qemu1-common.mk # We want to build all variants of the emulator binaries. This makes # it easier to catch target-specific regressions during emulator development. EMULATOR_TARGET_ARCH := arm include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android/qemu1/Makefile.qemu1-target.mk #Note:the same binary handles x86 and x86_64 EMULATOR_TARGET_ARCH := x86 include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android/qemu1/Makefile.qemu1-target.mk EMULATOR_TARGET_ARCH := mips include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android/qemu1/Makefile.qemu1-target.mk
再次执行 make
，在 ARM 平台上编译 QEMU1 时会报出如下错误：
Compile: emulator-libqemu <= audio/esdaudio.c android/qemu1/audio/esdaudio.c:25:17: fatal error: esd.h: No such file or directory compilation terminated. android/build/emulator/binary.make:86: recipe for target 'objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libqemu/audio/esdaudio.o' failed make: *** [objs/build/intermediates64/emulator-libqemu/audio/esdaudio.o] Error 1
可以修改上面那段代码，避免编译我们不需要的目标文件：
ifneq (aarch64,$(BUILD_HOST_ARCH64)) include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android/android-emu/Makefile.crash-service.mk include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android/qemu1/Makefile.qemu1-common.mk # We want to build all variants of the emulator binaries. This makes # it easier to catch target-specific regressions during emulator development. EMULATOR_TARGET_ARCH := arm include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android/qemu1/Makefile.qemu1-target.mk #Note:the same binary handles x86 and x86_64 EMULATOR_TARGET_ARCH := x86 include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android/qemu1/Makefile.qemu1-target.mk EMULATOR_TARGET_ARCH := mips include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android/qemu1/Makefile.qemu1-target.mk endif
再次执行 make
，依然编译失败，报错如下：
Library: objs/build/intermediates64/libGLcommon/libGLcommon.a Compile: libOpenGLESDispatch <= EGLDispatch.cpp android/android-emugl/host/libs/libOpenGLESDispatch/EGLDispatch.cpp: In function ‘boolinit_egl_dispatch()’: android/android-emugl/host/libs/libOpenGLESDispatch/EGLDispatch.cpp:38:59: error: ‘EMUGL_LIBNAME’ was not declared in this scope android/build/emulator/binary.make:122: recipe for target 'objs/build/intermediates64/libOpenGLESDispatch/EGLDispatch.o' failed make: *** [objs/build/intermediates64/libOpenGLESDispatch/EGLDispatch.o] Error 1
这是由于在 ARM 平台上编译时，缺少了常量 EMUGL_LIBNAME
的定义：
#ifdefined(__x86_64__) #defineEMUGL_LIBNAME(name)"lib64"name #elifdefined(__i386__) #defineEMUGL_LIBNAME(name)"lib"name #else /* This header is included by target w/o using EMUGL_LIBNAME(). Don't #error, leave it undefined */ #endif
修改这段代码，以便于为 ARM 平台增加常量定义：
#ifdefined(__x86_64__) || defined(__aarch64__) #defineEMUGL_LIBNAME(name)"lib64"name #elifdefined(__i386__) #defineEMUGL_LIBNAME(name)"lib"name #else /* This header is included by target w/o using EMUGL_LIBNAME(). Don't #error, leave it undefined */ #endif
再次执行 make
，依然编译失败，报错如下：
Compile: libqemu2-common <= accel.c In file included from /workData/zhuyb/android_emu_2.5/external/qemu_3.1/accel.c:26:0: /workData/zhuyb/android_emu_2.5/external/qemu_3.1/include/qemu/osdep.h:30:25: fatal error: config-host.h: No such file or directory compilation terminated. android/build/emulator/binary.make:86: recipe for target 'objs/build/intermediates64/libqemu2-common/accel.o' failed make: *** [objs/build/intermediates64/libqemu2-common/accel.o] Error 1
这是由于缺少了一个配置头文件，我们参考 qemu/android-qemu2-glue/config/linux-x86_64/config-host.h
文件来创建 qemu/android-qemu2-glue/config/linux-aarch64/config-host.h
文件：
#defineHOST_AARCH64 1
#defineCONFIG_POSIX 1
#defineCONFIG_LINUX 1
#defineCONFIG_SLIRP 1
#defineCONFIG_SMBD_COMMAND"/usr/sbin/smbd"
#defineCONFIG_AUDIO_DRIVERS \
&no_audio_driver,\
#defineCONFIG_PA 1
#defineCONFIG_AUDIO_PT_INT 1
#defineCONFIG_BDRV_RW_WHITELIST\
NULL
#defineCONFIG_BDRV_RO_WHITELIST\
NULL
#defineCONFIG_VNC 1
#defineCONFIG_FNMATCH 1
#defineQEMU_VERSION"2.7.0"
#defineCONFIG_SDL 1
#defineCONFIG_SDLABI 2.0
#defineCONFIG_UTIMENSAT 1
#defineCONFIG_PIPE2 1
#defineCONFIG_ACCEPT4 1
#defineCONFIG_SPLICE 1
#defineCONFIG_EVENTFD 1
#defineCONFIG_FALLOCATE 1
#defineCONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE 1
#defineCONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE 1
#defineCONFIG_FIEMAP 1
#defineCONFIG_DUP3 1
#defineCONFIG_PPOLL 1
#defineCONFIG_PRCTL_PR_SET_TIMERSLACK 1
#defineCONFIG_EPOLL 1
#defineCONFIG_EPOLL_CREATE1 1
#defineCONFIG_SENDFILE 1
#defineCONFIG_TIMERFD 1
#defineCONFIG_INOTIFY 1
#defineCONFIG_INOTIFY1 1
#defineCONFIG_BYTESWAP_H 1
#defineCONFIG_HAS_GLIB_SUBPROCESS_TESTS 1
#defineCONFIG_TLS_PRIORITY"NORMAL"
#defineHAVE_IFADDRS_H 1
#defineCONFIG_VHOST_SCSI 1
#defineCONFIG_IOVEC 1
#defineCONFIG_PREADV 1
#defineCONFIG_FDT 1
#defineCONFIG_SIGNALFD 1
#defineCONFIG_FDATASYNC 1
#defineCONFIG_MADVISE 1
#defineCONFIG_POSIX_MADVISE 1
#defineCONFIG_QOM_CAST_DEBUG 1
#defineCONFIG_COROUTINE_BACKEND ucontext
#defineCONFIG_COROUTINE_POOL 1
#defineCONFIG_LINUX_MAGIC_H 1
#defineCONFIG_PRAGMA_DIAGNOSTIC_AVAILABLE 1
#defineCONFIG_HAS_ENVIRON 1
#defineCONFIG_CPUID_H 1
#defineCONFIG_INT128 1
#defineCONFIG_TPM 1
#defineCONFIG_TPM_PASSTHROUGH 1
#defineCONFIG_TRACE_NOP 1
#defineCONFIG_TRACE_FILE trace
#defineCONFIG_IASL iasl
#defineHOST_DSOSUF".so"
同时我们也不再编译 QEMU2 的部分目标平台模拟器，将如下这段代码：
include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android-qemu2-glue/build/Makefile.qemu2-glue.mk QEMU2_TARGET := x86 include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android-qemu2-glue/build/Makefile.qemu2-target.mk QEMU2_TARGET := x86_64 include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android-qemu2-glue/build/Makefile.qemu2-target.mk QEMU2_TARGET := arm include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android-qemu2-glue/build/Makefile.qemu2-target.mk QEMU2_TARGET := arm64 include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android-qemu2-glue/build/Makefile.qemu2-target.mk QEMU2_TARGET := mips include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android-qemu2-glue/build/Makefile.qemu2-target.mk QEMU2_TARGET := mips64 include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android-qemu2-glue/build/Makefile.qemu2-target.mk LOCAL_PATH := $(QEMU2_OLD_LOCAL_PATH)
修改为：
include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android-qemu2-glue/build/Makefile.qemu2-glue.mk ifneq (aarch64,$(BUILD_HOST_ARCH64)) QEMU2_TARGET := x86 include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android-qemu2-glue/build/Makefile.qemu2-target.mk QEMU2_TARGET := x86_64 include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android-qemu2-glue/build/Makefile.qemu2-target.mk QEMU2_TARGET := arm include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android-qemu2-glue/build/Makefile.qemu2-target.mk QEMU2_TARGET := mips include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android-qemu2-glue/build/Makefile.qemu2-target.mk QEMU2_TARGET := mips64 include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android-qemu2-glue/build/Makefile.qemu2-target.mk endif QEMU2_TARGET := arm64 include $(LOCAL_PATH)/android-qemu2-glue/build/Makefile.qemu2-target.mk LOCAL_PATH := $(QEMU2_OLD_LOCAL_PATH)
再次执行 make
，依然编译失败，报错如下：
Compile: libqemu2-common <= util/compatfd.c
/workData/zhuyb/android_emu_2.5/external/qemu_3.1/util/compatfd.c: In function ‘qemu_signalfd’:
/workData/zhuyb/android_emu_2.5/external/qemu_3.1/util/compatfd.c:103:19: error: ‘SYS_signalfd’ undeclared (first use in this function)
ret = syscall(SYS_signalfd, -1, mask, _NSIG / 8);
^
/workData/zhuyb/android_emu_2.5/external/qemu_3.1/util/compatfd.c:103:19: note: each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function itappearsin
android/build/emulator/binary.make:86: recipe for target 'objs/build/intermediates64/libqemu2-common/util/compatfd.o' failed
make: *** [objs/build/intermediates64/libqemu2-common/util/compatfd.o] Error 1
这是由于系统调用常量的定义在 ARM 64 平台上有些不同。修改 qemu/util/compatfd.c
文件中如下这段代码：
#if defined(CONFIG_SIGNALFD)
int ret;
ret = syscall(SYS_signalfd, -1, mask, _NSIG / 8);
if (ret != -1) {
qemu_set_cloexec(ret);
return ret;
}
#endif
修改为：
#ifdefined(CONFIG_SIGNALFD)
int ret;
#ifdef__aarch64__
ret = syscall(SYS_signalfd4, -1, mask, _NSIG / 8);
#else
ret = syscall(SYS_signalfd, -1, mask, _NSIG / 8);
#endif
if (ret != -1) {
qemu_set_cloexec(ret);
return ret;
}
#endif
再次执行 make
，依然编译失败，报错如下：
Compile: libqemu2-system-i386 <= tcg/tcg.c In file included from /workData/zhuyb/android_emu_2.5/external/qemu_3.1/tcg/tcg.c:255:0: /workData/zhuyb/android_emu_2.5/external/qemu_3.1/tcg/i386/tcg-target.inc.c:111:19: fatal error: cpuid.h: No such file or directory compilation terminated. android/build/emulator/binary.make:86: recipe for target 'objs/build/intermediates64/libqemu2-system-i386/tcg/tcg.o' failed make: *** [objs/build/intermediates64/libqemu2-system-i386/tcg/tcg.o] Error 1
编译 tcg 失败，又是由于缺少对 ARM 64 平台的支持所致。修改 qemu/android-qemu2-glue/build/Makefile.qemu2-target.mk
文件中的如下这段代码：
QEMU2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES := \
$(QEMU2_INCLUDES) \
$(QEMU2_DEPS_TOP_DIR)/include \
$(call qemu2-if-linux,$(LOCAL_PATH)/linux-headers) \
$(LOCAL_PATH)/android-qemu2-glue/config/target-$(QEMU2_TARGET) \
$(LOCAL_PATH)/target-$(QEMU2_TARGET_TARGET) \
$(LOCAL_PATH)/tcg \
$(LOCAL_PATH)/tcg/i386 \
修改为：
QEMU2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES := \
$(QEMU2_INCLUDES) \
$(QEMU2_DEPS_TOP_DIR)/include \
$(call qemu2-if-linux,$(LOCAL_PATH)/linux-headers) \
$(LOCAL_PATH)/android-qemu2-glue/config/target-$(QEMU2_TARGET) \
$(LOCAL_PATH)/target-$(QEMU2_TARGET_TARGET) \
$(LOCAL_PATH)/tcg \
ifeq (x86_64,$(BUILD_HOST_ARCH64))
QEMU2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES += \
$(LOCAL_PATH)/tcg/i386 \
endif
ifeq (aarch64,$(BUILD_HOST_ARCH))
QEMU2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES += \
$(LOCAL_PATH)/tcg/aarch64 \
endif
再次执行 make
，依然编译失败，报错如下：
/workData/zhuyb/android_emu_2.5/external/qemu_3.1/util/coroutine-ucontext.c: In function ‘qemu_coroutine_new’:
/workData/zhuyb/android_emu_2.5/external/qemu_3.1/util/coroutine-ucontext.c:86:24: error: ‘co’ is used uninitialized in this function [-Werror=uninitialized]
CoroutineUContext *co;
^
cc1: all warnings being treated as errors
android/build/emulator/binary.make:86: recipe for target 'objs/build/intermediates64/libqemu2-common/util/coroutine-ucontext.o' failed
make: *** [objs/build/intermediates64/libqemu2-common/util/coroutine-ucontext.o] Error 1
这是由于加了 -Werror
编译选项。注释掉 qemu/android/build/Makefile.top.mk
文件中加的 -Werror
编译选项即可：
ifneq (,$(filter windows linux, $(BUILD_TARGET_OS))) # BUILD_TARGET_CFLAGS += -Werror endif
还可以移除对 qemu-upstream 的编译，以节省时间。删除 qemu/android-qemu2-glue/build/Makefile.qemu2-target.mk
文件中如下这段代码即可：
# The upstream version of QEMU2, without any Android-specific hacks.
# This uses the regular SDL2 UI backend.
$(call start-emulator-program,qemu-upstream-$(QEMU2_TARGET_SYSTEM))
LOCAL_WHOLE_STATIC_LIBRARIES += \
libqemu2-system-$(QEMU2_TARGET_SYSTEM) \
libqemu2-common \
LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES += \
$(QEMU2_SYSTEM_STATIC_LIBRARIES) \
LOCAL_CFLAGS += \
$(QEMU2_SYSTEM_CFLAGS) \
LOCAL_C_INCLUDES += \
$(QEMU2_SYSTEM_INCLUDES) \
$(QEMU2_SDL2_INCLUDES) \
LOCAL_SRC_FILES += \
$(call qemu2-if-target,x86 x86_64, \
hw/i386/acpi-build.c \
hw/i386/pc_piix.c \
) \
$(call qemu2-if-windows, \
stubs/win32-stubs.c \
) \
ui/sdl2.c \
ui/sdl2-input.c \
ui/sdl2-2d.c \
vl.c \
LOCAL_LDFLAGS += $(QEMU2_SYSTEM_LDFLAGS)
LOCAL_LDLIBS += \
$(QEMU2_SYSTEM_LDLIBS) \
$(QEMU2_SDL2_LDLIBS) \
LOCAL_INSTALL_DIR := qemu/$(BUILD_TARGET_TAG)
$(call end-emulator-program)
更多编译错误问题解决的细节，此处不再赘述。
Android QEMU 模拟器在 ARM Ubuntu Linux 平台上的编译就到这里。
Done。
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Compilers
Alfred V. Aho、Monica S. Lam、Ravi Sethi、Jeffrey D. Ullman / Addison Wesley / 2006-9-10 / USD 186.80
This book provides the foundation for understanding the theory and pracitce of compilers. Revised and updated, it reflects the current state of compilation. Every chapter has been completely revised ......一起来看看 《Compilers》 这本书的介绍吧!
