内容简介:进入到工程,如下图所示:
spring boot
项目初始化,介绍三种方式: IntelliJ
创建、 Spring CLI
创建以及手动创建,工程使用 gradle
构建工具。
IntelliJ创建
- 选择 spring initializr
- 填写自己想要的配置信息
- 选择依赖包:
- 配置工程名和工程所在目录:
进入到工程,如下图所示:
创建完成。
2. Spring CLI创建
示例:
spring init -dweb,data-jpa,h2,thymeleaf --build gradle initbycli
运行命令后会显示:
Using service at https://start.spring.io Project extracted to '<current_path>/initbycli'
执行完成会看到当前目录下会多出 initbycli
目录.
. └── initbycli ├── HELP.md ├── build.gradle ├── gradle │ └── wrapper │ ├── gradle-wrapper.jar │ └── gradle-wrapper.properties ├── gradlew ├── gradlew.bat ├── settings.gradle └── src ├── main │ ├── java │ │ └── com │ │ └── example │ │ └── initbycli │ │ └── DemoApplication.java │ └── resources │ ├── application.properties │ ├── static │ └── templates └── test └── java └── com └── example └── initbycli └── DemoApplicationTests.java
可以看到基本工程目录文件已经创建好了。
再看一下 Spring CLI
的说明:
$ spring help init spring init - Initialize a new project using Spring Initializr (start.spring.io) usage: spring init [options] [location] Option Description ------ ----------- -a, --artifactId <String> Project coordinates; infer archive name (for example 'test') -b, --boot-version <String> Spring Boot version (for example '1.2.0.RELEASE') --build <String> Build system to use (for example 'maven' or 'gradle') (default: maven) -d, --dependencies <String> Comma-separated list of dependency identifiers to include in the generated project --description <String> Project description -f, --force Force overwrite of existing files --format <String> Format of the generated content (for example 'build' for a build file, 'project' for a project archive) (default: project) -g, --groupId <String> Project coordinates (for example 'org.test') -j, --java-version <String> Language level (for example '1.8') -l, --language <String> Programming language (for example 'java') --list List the capabilities of the service. Use it to discover the dependencies and the types that are available -n, --name <String> Project name; infer application name -p, --packaging <String> Project packaging (for example 'jar') --package-name <String> Package name -t, --type <String> Project type. Not normally needed if you use -- build and/or --format. Check the capabilities of the service (--list) for more details --target <String> URL of the service to use (default: https://start. spring.io) -v, --version <String> Project version (for example '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT') -x, --extract Extract the project archive. Inferred if a location is specified without an extension
说明:
- 依赖: 使用
-d, --dependencies <String>
,,
号分割. - 项目构建类型:
--build <String>
, 默认为maven
, 另一选项是gradle
. - 初始化类型:
--format <String>
, 默认为project
, 会初始化整个工程的目录结构。可选项是build
, 只会生成工程所需要的build.gradle
文件. - 查看有哪些可以配置的:
--list
, 命令输出以后,内容包括可选的依赖包,工程类型和构建属性( java 版本等).
3. 手动创建
- 建立工程目录:
mkdir initbyself
-
在工程目录下建立
build.gradle
文件,cd initbyself vim build.gradle
build.gradle
内容为:plugins { id 'org.springframework.boot' version '2.1.3.RELEASE' id 'java' } apply plugin: 'io.spring.dependency-management' group = 'com.example' version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT' sourceCompatibility = '1.8' repositories { mavenCentral() } dependencies { implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa' implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf' implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web' runtimeOnly 'com.h2database:h2' testImplementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test' }
- 创建
setting.gradle
文件
pluginManagement { repositories { gradlePluginPortal() } } rootProject.name = 'initbyself'
-
创建 java 代码目录
mkdir -p src/main/java/com/example/initbyself mkdir -p src/main/java/resources
-
创建
application
- 切换到代码目录
cd src/main/java/com/example/initbyself
-
编写源码文件
DemoApplication.java
package com.example.initbyself; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class DemoApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args); } }
- 切换到代码目录
-
运行
gradle build
, 结果为:> Task :build Skipping task ':build' as it has no actions. :build (Thread[Daemon worker Thread 2,5,main]) completed. Took 0.0 secs. BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 3s 2 actionable tasks: 2 executed
- 运行项目:
java -jar build/libs/initbyself-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar . ____ _ __ _ _ /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \ \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ :: Spring Boot :: (v2.1.3.RELEASE) . . . . . 2019-03-07 00:17:36.996 INFO 11848 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path '' 2019-03-07 00:17:36.999 INFO 11848 --- [ main] com.example.initbyself.DemoApplication : Started DemoApplication in 19.497 seconds (JVM running for 19.992)
此时,已说明工程初始化成功了。
小结
以上是 Spring Boot 项目的初始化的三种方式,不一定全。第一种和第二种都依赖 https://start.spring.io 这个地址,这是官方提供的快速初始化方式,第三种是我们全手动一步一步初始化,需要对构建 工具 十分熟悉。
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