内容简介:Oracle 12C Sharding部署和测试日期:2019-02-26作者:陈举超
Oracle 12C Sharding部署和测试
日期:2019-02-26
作者:陈举超
一:环境说明
OS : CentOS Linux release 7.5
DB : Oracle 12.2.0.1.0
GSMOCI : 2.2.1
本次使用三台虚拟机进行安装:
其中:
(1) db01 主机上安装 Shard Director 和 Shard catalog ,也就是分别安装 GSM 、 ORACLE 12.2 RDBMS 、 non-cdb Database(GSM 和 ORACLE 12.2 环境变量需要手动切换 ) ;
(2)db02 主机上安装 Shard1 ,也就是 ORACLE 12.2 RDBMS ,不需要创建数据库;
(3) db03 主机上安装 Shard2 ,也就是 ORACLE 12.2 RDBMS ,不需要创建数据库;
主机 |
组件 |
SID |
Oracle_Home |
db01 |
Shard Director |
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/gsm_1 |
|
db01 |
Shard catalog |
db01 |
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1 |
db02 |
Shard1 |
sh1 |
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1 |
db03 |
Shard2 |
sh2 |
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1 |
安装文件下载链接如下:
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/cn/database/options/partitioning/downloads/index.html
Oracle 软件下载
GSM 下载
二:安装 GSM/Shard catalog/ORACLE 12.2 RDBMS
2.1 Gsm 安装
2.2 ORACLE 12.2 RDBMS 安装
略
2.3 创建并启动监听
Netca
2.4 创建 Shard Catalog database
在 Shard catalog 服务器 gsm1 创建 non-cdb 数据库。创建过程与普通数据库相同。
三:配置 GSM/Shard director
https://blogs.oracle.com/database4cn/12c-oracle-sharding
3.1 解锁用户
在 db01 服务器 (catalog 数据库 /shard director) ,连接到 Sharding catalog 数据库 , 解锁 GSMCATUSER 用户, shard director 通过 GSMCATUSER 用户连接到 shard catalog database
SQL> alter user gsmcatuser identified by oracle account unlock;
3.2 创建管理用户 mygds
在 catalog 数据库,创建管理用户 mygds ,用户 mygds 用于存储 Sharding 管理信息, GDSCTL 接口通过用户 mygds 连接到 catalog 数据库。
SQL> create user mygds identified by oracle;
SQL> grant connect, create session, gsmadmin_role to mygds;
SQL> grant inherit privileges on user SYS to GSMADMIN_INTERNAL;
3.3 启动 listener
在 db01 服务器 (catalog 数据库 /shard director) ,启动 listener
3.4 创建 shard catalog 配置 remote scheduler agent
在 db01 服务器 (catalog 数据库 /shard director) ,创建 shard catalog ,在 shard catalog 中配置 remote scheduler agent.
参数含义:
-user : 指定管理用户,在前面步骤中创建的 catalog database 管理用户 mygds
-database : 指定 catalog database 信息, catalog 数据库的主机名 : 监听器 port: catalog 数据库 db_name
-sdb : 指定 sharded database name
-agent_port: 设置端口,用于 shard 节点 agent 连接到 GSM
-agent_password: 设置密码,用于 shard 节点 agent 连接到 GSM
如果没有指定 - sharding 参数,默认是创建 system-managed (default) 类型
[oracle@db01 ~]$ export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
[oracle@db01 ~]$ export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/products/12.2.0/gsm_1
[oracle@db01 ~]$
export PATH=/u01/app/oracle/products/12.2.0/gsmh_11/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
[oracle@db01 ~]$ gdsctl
GDSCTL: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Feb 25 10:38:54 CST 2019
Copyright (c) 2011, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Welcome to GDSCTL, type "help" for information.
Warning: current GSM name is not set automatically because gsm.ora contains zero or several GSM entries. Use "set gsm" command to set GSM for the session.
Current GSM is set to GSMORA
GDSCTL> create shardcatalog -database db01:1521:db01 -chunks 12 -user mygds/oracle -sdb shdb -region region1, region2 -agent_port 8080 -agent_password oracle
Catalog is created
3.5 创建和启动 shard director.
参数含义:
-gsm: 指定 shard director 名称
-listener: 指定 shard director 的监听端口,注意不能与数据库的 listener 端口冲突
-catalog: 指定 catalog database 信息, catalog 数据库的主机名 : 监听器 port: catalog 数据库 db_name
GDSCTL> add gsm -gsm sharddirector1 -listener 1522 -pwd oracle -catalog db01:1521:db01 -region region1
GSM successfully added
GDSCTL> start gsm -gsm sharddirector1
GSM 已成功启动
3.6 添加操作系统认证 .
GDSCTL> add credential -credential cre_reg1 -osaccount oracle -ospassword oracle
操作已成功完成
3.7 在所有的 shard 节点分别执行 Agent
--- 在 db02 节点执行
[oracle@db02 ~]$ schagent -start
Scheduler agent started using port 24409
[oracle@db02 ~]$ schagent -status
Agent running with PID 8537
Agent_version:12.2.0.1.2
Running_time:00:00:11
Total_jobs_run:0
Running_jobs:0
Platform:Linux
ORACLE_HOME:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_BASE:/u01/app/oracle
Port:24409
Host:db02
--- 在 db03 节点执行
[oracle@db03 ~]$ schagent -start
Scheduler agent started using port 19249
[oracle@db03 ~]$ schagent -status
Agent running with PID 8344
Agent_version:12.2.0.1.2
Running_time:00:00:05
Total_jobs_run:0
Running_jobs:0
Platform:Linux
ORACLE_HOME:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_BASE:/u01/app/oracle
Port:19249
Host:db03
----- 密码 oracle 和端口 8080
[oracle@db02 ~]$ echo oracle | schagent -registerdatabase 192.168.2.226 8080
Agent Registration Password ?
Oracle Scheduler Agent Registration for 12.2.0.1.2 Agent
Agent Registration Successful!
[oracle@db03 ~]$ echo oracle | schagent -registerdatabase 192.168.2.226 8080
Agent Registration Password ?
Oracle Scheduler Agent Registration for 12.2.0.1.2 Agent
Agent Registration Successful!
3.8 创建 shard 数据库的数据文件存储路径
[oracle@db02 ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata
[oracle@db02 ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
[oracle@db03 ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata
[oracle@db03 ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
四:创建 System-Managed SDB
4.1 连接 gsm
在 Shard 服务器 sd1 连接到 shard director/GSM 服务器 (db01)
[oracle@db02 ~]$ ssh oracle@db01
……
oracle@db01's password:
Last login: Mon Feb 25 10:45:20 2019 from 192.168.70.249
[oracle@db01 ~]$ source .bash_profile
[oracle@db01 ~]$ gdsctl
GDSCTL: 版本 12.2.0.1.0 - Production, 时间 : Mon Feb 25 11:16:04 CST 2019
版权所有 (c) 2011, 2016, Oracle 。保留所有权利。
欢迎使用 GDSCTL, 请键入 "help" 以获得信息。
当前 GSM 设置为 SHARDDIRECTOR1
GDSCTL> set gsm -gsm sharddirector1
GDSCTL>connect mygds/oracle
已建立目录连接
4.2 添加 shardgroup
shardgroup 是一组 shard 的集合, shardgroup 名称为 primary_shardgroup , -deploy_as primary 表示这个 group 中的 shard 都是主库。
GDSCTL> add shardgroup -shardgroup primary_shardgroup -deploy_as primary -region region1
操作已成功完成
4. 3 创建 shard
将每个 shard 地址添加到 catalog 的 valid node checking for registration (VNCR) 列表,并且创建 shard
GDSCTL> add invitednode db02
GDSCTL> create shard -shardgroup primary_shardgroup -destination db02 -credential cre_reg1 -sys_password oracle
操作已成功完成
数据库的唯一名称 : sh1
GDSCTL> add invitednode db03
GDSCTL> create shard -shardgroup primary_shardgroup -destination db03 -credential cre_reg1 -sys_password oracle
操作已成功完成
数据库的唯一名称 : sh2
4.4 检查配置
GDSCTL>config
区域
------------------------
region1
region2
GSM
------------------------
sharddirector1
sharddirector3
分片数据库
------------------------
shdb
数据库
------------------------
sh1
sh2
分片组
------------------------
primary_shardgroup
分片空间
------------------------
shardspaceora
服务
------------------------
GDSCTL 暂挂请求
------------------------
命令 对象 状态
-- -- --
全局属性
------------------------
名称 : oradbcloud
主 GSM: sharddirector1
DDL 序列号 : 0
GDSCTL> config shardspace
分片空间 块
---- -
shardspaceora 12
GDSCTL> config shardgroup
分片组 块 区域 分片空间
--- - -- ----
primary_shardgroup 12 region1 shardspaceora
GDSCTL> config vncr
名称 组 ID
-- ----
192.168.2.226
db02
db03
GDSCTL> config shard
名称 分片组 状态 状态 区域 可用性
-- --- -- -- -- ---
sh1 primary_shardgroup U 无 region1 -
sh2 primary_shardgroup U 无 region1 -
4.5 部署 /deploy
执行 deploy 后,自动在 db02 和 db03 服务器上采用静默安装方式部署 shard 数据库,速度较慢;
GDSCTL> deploy
deploy: examining configuration...
deploy: deploying primary shard 'sh1' ...
deploy: network listener configuration successful at destination 'db02'
deploy: starting DBCA at destination 'db02' to create primary shard 'sh1' ...
deploy: deploying primary shard 'sh2' ...
deploy: network listener configuration successful at destination 'db03'
deploy: starting DBCA at destination 'db03' to create primary shard 'sh2' ...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: DBCA primary creation job succeeded at destination 'db02' for shard 'sh1'
deploy: waiting for 1 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: waiting for 1 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete...
deploy: DBCA primary creation job succeeded at destination 'db03' for shard 'sh2'
deploy: requesting Data Guard configuration on shards via GSM
deploy: shards configured successfully
操作已成功完成
4.6 检查配置信息
GDSCTL> config shard
名称 分片组 状态 状态 区域 可用性
-- --- -- -- -- ---
sh1 primary_shardgroup 确定 已部署 region1 ONLINE
sh2 primary_shardgroup 确定 已部署 region1 ONLINE
GDSCTL> databases
数据库 : "sh1" 注册时间 : Y 状态 : 确定 ONS: N 。角色 : PRIMARY 实例 : 1 区域 : region1
已注册的实例 :
shdb%1
数据库 : "sh2" 注册时间 : Y 状态 : 确定 ONS: N 。角色 : PRIMARY 实例 : 1 区域 : region1
已注册的实例 :
shdb%11
GDSCTL> config shard -shard sh1
名称 : sh1
分片组 : primary_shardgroup
状态 : 确定
状态 : 已部署
区域 : region1
连接字符串 : db02:1521/sh1:dedicated
SCAN 地址 :
ONS 远程端口 : 0
磁盘阈值 , 毫秒 : 20
CPU 阈值 , %: 75
版本 : 12.2.0.0
上次失败的 DDL:
DDL 错误 : ---
失败的 DDL ID:
可用性 : ONLINE
Rack:
支持的服务
------------------------
名称 首选 状态
-- -- --
GDSCTL> config shard -shard sh2
名称 : sh2
分片组 : primary_shardgroup
状态 : 确定
状态 : 已部署
区域 : region1
连接字符串 : db03:1521/sh2:dedicated
SCAN 地址 :
ONS 远程端口 : 0
磁盘阈值 , 毫秒 : 20
CPU 阈值 , %: 75
版本 : 12.2.0.0
上次失败的 DDL:
DDL 错误 : ---
失败的 DDL ID:
可用性 : ONLINE
Rack:
支持的服务
------------------------
名称 首选 状态
-- -- --
4.7 创建 service
GDSCTL> add service -service oltp_rw_srvc -role primary
操作已成功完成
GDSCTL> start service -service oltp_rw_srvc
操作已成功完成
GDSCTL> status service
服务 "oltp_rw_srvc.shdb.oradbcloud" 具有 2 个实例。关系 : ANYWHERE
实例 "shdb%1", 名称 : "sh1", 数据库 : "sh1", 区域 : "region1", 状态 : ready 。
实例 "shdb%11", 名称 : "sh2", 数据库 : "sh2", 区域 : "region1", 状态 : ready 。
五:创建用户和对象
5.1 在 catalog 数据库中创建业务用户
---db01
SQL> alter session enable shard ddl;
SQL> create user app_schema identified by oracle;
SQL> grant all privileges to app_schema;
SQL> grant gsmadmin_role to app_schema;
SQL> grant select_catalog_role to app_schema;
SQL> grant connect, resource to app_schema;
SQL> grant dba to app_schema;
SQL> grant execute on dbms_crypto to app_schema;
5.2 创建表空间集合
---db01
SQL> conn app_schema
Enter password:
Connected.
SQL> alter session enable shard ddl;
Session altered.
SQL> create tablespace set tsp_set_1 using template (datafile size 100m autoextend on next 10m maxsize unlimited extent management local segment space management auto);
Tablespace created.
GDSCTL> set gsm -gsm sharddirector1
GDSCTL> config shard
已建立目录连接
名称 分片组 状态 状态 区域 可用性
-- --- -- -- -- ---
sh1 primary_shardgroup 确定 DDL 错误 region1 ONLINE
sh2 primary_shardgroup 确定 DDL 错误 region1 ONLINE
5.3 为 duplicated tables 创建表空间
--- 这个测试中 duplicated table 是 Products table.
SQL> CREATE TABLESPACE products_tsp datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/db01/products_tsp01.dbf' size 100m autoextend on next 10M maxsize unlimited extent management local uniform size 1m;
Tablespace created.
5.4 创建root 表Customers
SQL> CONNECT app_schema/oracle
SQL> ALTER SESSION ENABLE SHARD DDL;
SQL> CREATE SHARDED TABLE Customers
(
CustId VARCHAR2(60) NOT NULL,
FirstName VARCHAR2(60),
LastName VARCHAR2(60),
Class VARCHAR2(10),
Geo VARCHAR2(8),
CustProfile VARCHAR2(4000),
Passwd RAW(60),
CONSTRAINT pk_customers PRIMARY KEY (CustId),
CONSTRAINT json_customers CHECK (CustProfile IS JSON)
) TABLESPACE SET TSP_SET_1
PARTITION BY CONSISTENT HASH (CustId) PARTITIONS AUTO;
5.5 创建其他sharded table Orders.
SQL> CREATE SHARDED TABLE Orders
(
OrderId INTEGER NOT NULL,
CustId VARCHAR2(60) NOT NULL,
OrderDate TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
SumTotal NUMBER(19,4),
Status CHAR(4),
CONSTRAINT pk_orders PRIMARY KEY (CustId, OrderId),
CONSTRAINT fk_orders_parent FOREIGN KEY (CustId)
REFERENCES Customers ON DELETE CASCADE
) PARTITION BY REFERENCE (fk_orders_parent);
5.6 为OrderId列创建序列
SQL> CREATE SEQUENCE Orders_Seq;
Sequence created.
5.7创建SHARDED TABLE LineItems
SQL> CREATE SHARDED TABLE LineItems
(
OrderId INTEGER NOT NULL,
CustId VARCHAR2(60) NOT NULL,
ProductId INTEGER NOT NULL,
Price NUMBER(19,4),
Qty NUMBER,
CONSTRAINT pk_items PRIMARY KEY (CustId, OrderId, ProductId),
CONSTRAINT fk_items_parent FOREIGN KEY (CustId, OrderId)
REFERENCES Orders ON DELETE CASCADE
) PARTITION BY REFERENCE (fk_items_parent);
5.8创建duplicated tables.
---In this example, the Products table is a duplicated object.
SQL> CREATE DUPLICATED TABLE Products
(
ProductId INTEGER GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR2(128),
DescrUri VARCHAR2(128),
LastPrice NUMBER(19,4)
) TABLESPACE products_tsp;
5.9 检查是否有错误
GDSCTL> set gsm -gsm sharddirector1
GDSCTL> show ddl
ID DDL 文本 失败的分片
-- ------ -----
108 grant dba to app_schema
109 grant execute on dbms_crypto to app_s...
110 CREATE TABLESPACE SET TSP_SET_1 using...
111 CREATE TABLESPACE products_tsp dataf...
112 CREATE SHARDED TABLE Customers ( ...
113 CREATE SHARDED TABLE Orders ( O...
114 CREATE SHARDED TABLE LineItems ( ...
115 CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW "APP_SCHEMA"...
116 CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION PasswCreat...
117 CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION PasswCheck...
GDSCTL> config shard -shard sh1
名称 : sh1
分片组 : primary_shardgroup
状态 : 确定
状态 : 已部署
区域 : region1
连接字符串 : db02:1521/sh1:dedicated
SCAN 地址 :
ONS 远程端口 : 0
磁盘阈值 , 毫秒 : 20
CPU 阈值 , %: 75
版本 : 12.2.0.0
上次失败的 DDL: CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW "APP_...
DDL 错误 : ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
ORA-06512: at "SYS.EXECASUSER", line 44
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SYS_SQL", line 1529
ORA-06512: at "SYS.EXECASUSER", line 31
ORA-06512: at "GSMADMIN_INTERNAL.EXECUTEDDL", line 70
ORA-06512: at line 1 \(ngsmoci_execute\)
失败的 DDL ID: 57
可用性 : ONLINE
Rack:
支持的服务
------------------------
名称 首选 状态
-- -- --
oltp_rw_srvc 是 启用
六:验证环境 - 表空间 /chunks
6.1 在 db01 检查 chunks 信息
前面创建 shardcatalog 时指定 chunks 为 12 ,因此后续创建 shard table 分配 12 个 chunks
GDSCTL>config chunks
块
------------------------
数据库 自 至
--- - -
sh1 1 6
sh2 7 12
6.2 在sd1,sd2节点检查表空间和chunks信息
---db02
--表空间
SQL> select TABLESPACE_NAME, BYTES/1024/1024 MB from sys.dba_data_files order by tablespace_name;
TABLESPACE_NAME MB
------------------------------ ----------
C001TSP_SET_1 100
C002TSP_SET_1 100
C003TSP_SET_1 100
C004TSP_SET_1 100
C005TSP_SET_1 100
C006TSP_SET_1 100
PRODUCTS_TSP 100
SYSAUX 480
SYSTEM 810
TSP_SET_1 100
UNDOTBS1 70
TABLESPACE_NAME MB
------------------------------ ----------
USERS 5
12 rows selected.
创建了 6 个表空间,分别是 C001TSP_SET_1 ~ 表空间 C006TSP_SET_1 ,因为设置 chunks=12 ,每个 shard 有 6 个 chunks 。
每个表空间有一个 datafile ,大小是 100M ,这个是在创建 tablespace set 时设置的 datafile 100M 。
--检查 chunks
SQL> set linesize 140
SQL> column table_name format a20
SQL> column tablespace_name format a20
SQL> column partition_name format a20
SQL> show parameter db_unique_name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_unique_name string sh1
SQL> select table_name, partition_name, tablespace_name from dba_tab_partitions
where tablespace_name like 'C%TSP_SET_1' order by tablespace_name; 2
TABLE_NAME PARTITION_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME
-------------------- -------------------- --------------------
LINEITEMS CUSTOMERS_P1 C001TSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS CUSTOMERS_P1 C001TSP_SET_1
ORDERS CUSTOMERS_P1 C001TSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS CUSTOMERS_P2 C002TSP_SET_1
ORDERS CUSTOMERS_P2 C002TSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS CUSTOMERS_P2 C002TSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS CUSTOMERS_P3 C003TSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS CUSTOMERS_P3 C003TSP_SET_1
ORDERS CUSTOMERS_P3 C003TSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS CUSTOMERS_P4 C004TSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS CUSTOMERS_P4 C004TSP_SET_1
ORDERS CUSTOMERS_P4 C004TSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS CUSTOMERS_P5 C005TSP_SET_1
ORDERS CUSTOMERS_P5 C005TSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS CUSTOMERS_P5 C005TSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS CUSTOMERS_P6 C006TSP_SET_1
ORDERS CUSTOMERS_P6 C006TSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS CUSTOMERS_P6 C006TSP_SET_1
18 rows selected.
在 sd2 节点检查表空间和 chunks 信息
--表空间
SQL> select TABLESPACE_NAME, BYTES/1024/1024 MB from sys.dba_data_files order by tablespace_name;
TABLESPACE_NAME MB
------------------------------ ----------
C007TSP_SET_1 100
C008TSP_SET_1 100
C009TSP_SET_1 100
C00ATSP_SET_1 100
C00BTSP_SET_1 100
C00CTSP_SET_1 100
PRODUCTS_TSP 100
SYSAUX 480
SYSTEM 810
TSP_SET_1 100
UNDOTBS1 65
USERS 5
12 rows selected.
创建了 6 个表空间,分别是 C007TSP_SET_1 ~ 表空间 C00CTSP_SET_1 ,因为设置 chunks=12 ,每个 shard 有 6 个 chunks 。
每个表空间有一个 datafile ,大小是 100M ,这个是在创建 tablespace set 时设置的 datafile 100M 。
--检查 chunks
SQL> set linesize 140
SQL> column table_name format a20
SQL> column tablespace_name format a20
SQL> column partition_name format a20
SQL> select table_name, partition_name, tablespace_name from dba_tab_partitions
where tablespace_name like 'C%TSP_SET_1' order by tablespace_name;
TABLE_NAME PARTITION_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME
-------------------- -------------------- --------------------
ORDERS CUSTOMERS_P7 C007TSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS CUSTOMERS_P7 C007TSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS CUSTOMERS_P7 C007TSP_SET_1
ORDERS CUSTOMERS_P8 C008TSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS CUSTOMERS_P8 C008TSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS CUSTOMERS_P8 C008TSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS CUSTOMERS_P9 C009TSP_SET_1
ORDERS CUSTOMERS_P9 C009TSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS CUSTOMERS_P9 C009TSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS CUSTOMERS_P10 C00ATSP_SET_1
ORDERS CUSTOMERS_P10 C00ATSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS CUSTOMERS_P10 C00ATSP_SET_1
ORDERS CUSTOMERS_P11 C00BTSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS CUSTOMERS_P11 C00BTSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS CUSTOMERS_P11 C00BTSP_SET_1
LINEITEMS CUSTOMERS_P12 C00CTSP_SET_1
CUSTOMERS CUSTOMERS_P12 C00CTSP_SET_1
ORDERS CUSTOMERS_P12 C00CTSP_SET_1
18 rows selected.
6.3 在 catalog 数据库检查 chunks 信息
SQL> set echo off
SQL> select a.name Shard, count( b.chunk_number) Number_of_Chunks from
gsmadmin_internal.database a, gsmadmin_internal.chunk_loc b where
a.database_num=b.database_num group by a.name;
SHARD NUMBER_OF_CHUNKS
------------------------------ ----------------
sh1 6
sh2 6
6.4 验证环境
--catalog数据库
SQL> conn app_schema/oracle
Connected.
SQL> select table_name from user_tables;
TABLE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRODUCTS
MLOG$_PRODUCTS
CUSTOMERS
ORDERS
LINEITEMS
RUPD$_PRODUCTS
6 rows selected.
--shard节点 sd1 和 sd2
SQL> conn app_schema/oracle
Connected.
SQL> select table_name from user_tables;
TABLE_NAME
--------------------
CUSTOMERS
ORDERS
LINEITEMS
PRODUCTS
七:访问 Shard
7.1 访问单独一个 shard
在连接串中指定 sharding key ,那么 GSM/shard director 将请求连接到对应的一个 shard
参数含义:
app_schema – 是业务用户,
(host=gsm1)(port=1522) – 是 GSM/shard director 监听地址
service_name=oltp_rw_srvc.shdb.oradbcloud – 是前面创建的全局 service
[oracle@db01 ~]$ sqlplus app_schema/oracle@'(description=(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=192.168.2.226)(port=1522)) (connect_data=(service_name=oltp_rw_srvc.shdb.oradbcloud)(region=region1)(SHARDING_KEY=chenjch)))'
SQL> select db_unique_name from v$database;
DB_UNIQUE_NAME
------------------------------
sh1
--- 插入数据
SQL> INSERT INTO Customers (CustId, FirstName, LastName, CustProfile,
Class, Geo, Passwd) VALUES ('chenjch', 'chen', 'jch',
NULL, 'Gold', 'east', hextoraw('8d1c00e')); 2 3
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select custid, FirstName, LastName, class, geo from customers where custid = 'chenjch';
CUSTID FIRSTNAME LASTNAME CLASS GEO
-------------------- --------------- --------------- ---------- --------
chenjch chen jch Gold east
--查询 SHARDING_KEY=tom.david ,连接到 sd2 :
[oracle@db01 ~]$ sqlplus app_schema/oracle@'(description=(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=db01)(port=1522))
(connect_data=(service_name=oltp_rw_srvc.shdb.oradbcloud)(region=region1)(SHARDING_KEY=ch.jc)))'
SQL> select db_unique_name from v$database;
DB_UNIQUE_NAME
------------------------------
sh2
SQL> INSERT INTO Customers (CustId, FirstName, LastName, CustProfile,
Class, Geo, Passwd) VALUES ('chjc', 'ch', 'jc',
NULL, 'Gold', 'east', hextoraw('8d1c00a'));
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
--- 查询数据
---catalog本地查询
SQL> conn app_schema/oracle
SQL> column custid format a20
SQL> column firstname format a15
SQL> column lastname format a15
SQL> select custid, FirstName, LastName, class, geo from customers;
CUSTID FIRSTNAME LASTNAME CLASS GEO
-------------------- --------------- --------------- ---------- --------
chenjch chen jch Gold east
chjc ch jc Gold east
---sh1本地查询
SQL> conn app_schema/oracle
Connected.
SQL> column custid format a20
SQL> column firstname format a15
SQL> column lastname format a15
SQL> select custid, FirstName, LastName, class, geo from customers;
CUSTID FIRSTNAME LASTNAME CLASS GEO
-------------------- --------------- --------------- ---------- --------
chenjch chen jch Gold east
---sh2本地查询
SQL> conn app_schema/oracle
Connected.
SQL> column custid format a20
SQL> column firstname format a15
SQL> column lastname format a15
SQL> select custid, FirstName, LastName, class, geo from customers;
CUSTID FIRSTNAME LASTNAME CLASS GEO
-------------------- --------------- --------------- ---------- --------
chjc ch jc Gold east
总结:
1 、每个 shard 节点只能查询到本地节点 shard table 的数据
2 、在 catalog 数据库可以查询 shard 节点汇聚后的数据、
3 、客户端可指定 sharding key 的方式,定向获取数据
7.2 访问多个 shard
如果在连接串中指定 sharding key ,那么 GSM/shard director 将请求连接到对应的一个 shard 。
如果没有指定 sharding key ,那么 session 和 coordinator database (shard catalog) 建立连接 , 然后再分别到需要 (prund) 的 shard 中查询,最后再整合。
优化器判断访问一个 shard 还是访问多个 shard 。
--链接到 catalog 数据库查询
[oracle@db01 ~]$ sqlplus app_schema/oracle@db01:1521/GDS\$CATALOG.oradbcloud
SQL> conn app_schema/oracle
Connected.
SQL> set termout on
SQL> set linesize 120
SQL> set echo on
SQL> column firstname format a20
SQL> column lastname format a20
SQL> explain plan for SELECT FirstName,LastName, geo, class FROM Customers
WHERE CustId in ('Scott.Tiger@x.bogus', 'Mary.Parker@x.bogus') AND class != 'free' ORDER
BY geo, class;
八: shard 数据库启动和停止
--- 参考
https://blog.csdn.net/kiral07/article/details/86923508#Shard_Catalog_Database_63
8.1 关闭
(1)catalog数据库端 , 关闭 director
GDSCTL>stop gsm -gsm SHARDDIRECTOR1
GSM 已成功停止
(2)关闭 catalog 监听
[oracle@db01 ~]$ lsnrctl stop
(3)关闭 catalog 数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate
(4) shard节点 1 和节点 2 关闭 agent
[oracle@db02 trace]$ schagent -stop
[oracle@db03 trace]$ schagent -stop
(5) shard节点 1 和节点 2 关闭监控
[oracle@db02 trace]$ lsnrctl stop
[oracle@db03 trace]$ lsnrctl stop
(6) shard节点 1 和节点 2 关闭数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate
8.2 启动
(1)catalog端启动数据库和监听
SQL> startup
[oracle@db01 ~]$ lsnrctl start
(2) 所有 shard 节点启动数据库,监听,代理
SQL> startup
[oracle@db02 ~]$ lsnrctl start
[oracle@db03 ~]$ lsnrctl start
(3) catalog端启动 director
GDSCTL>start gsm -gsm SHARDDIRECTOR1
GSM 已成功启动
(4)检查
GDSCTL>connect mygds/oracle
已建立目录连接
GDSCTL>config shard
名称 分片组 状态 状态 区域 可用性
-- --- -- -- -- ---
sh1 primary_shardgroup 确定 DDL 错误 region1 ONLINE
sh2 primary_shardgroup 确定 DDL 错误 region1 ONLINE
GDSCTL>config service
名称 网络名称 池 已启动 全部首选
-- ---- - --- ----
oltp_rw_srvc oltp_rw_srvc.shdb.oradbcloud shdb 是 是
GDSCTL>databases
数据库 : "sh1" 注册时间 : Y 状态 : 确定 ONS: N 。角色 : PRIMARY 实例 : 1 区域 : region1
服务 : "oltp_rw_srvc" 全局启动 : Y 启动时间 : Y
扫描 : Y 启用 : Y 首选 : Y
已注册的实例 :
shdb%1
数据库 : "sh2" 注册时间 : Y 状态 : 确定 ONS: N 。角色 : PRIMARY 实例 : 1 区域 : region1
服务 : "oltp_rw_srvc" 全局启动 : Y 启动时间 : Y
扫描 : Y 启用 : Y 首选 : Y
已注册的实例 :
shdb%11
九:常见问题
9.1 crea te shard –shardgroup 错误
GDSCTL>create shard -shardgroup primary_shardgroup -destination db02 -credential cre_reg1 -sys_password oracle
GSM-45029: SQL 错误
ORA-03710: 目标中不存在目录或者无法写入目录 : $ORACLE_BASE/fast_recovery_area
ORA-06512: 在 "GSMADMIN_INTERNAL.DBMS_GSM_POOLADMIN", line 7469
ORA-06512: 在 "SYS.DBMS_SYS_ERROR", line 86
ORA-06512: 在 "GSMADMIN_INTERNAL.DBMS_GSM_POOLADMIN", line 4978
ORA-27436: 调度程序代理操作失败 , 显示消息 : Agent Error: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/shard_check.txt (No such file or directory)
ORA-06512: 在 "SYS.DBMS_ISCHED", line 3638
ORA-06512: 在 "SYS.DBMS_ISCHED", line 10444
ORA-06512: 在 "SYS.DBMS_ISCHED", line 5344
ORA-06512: 在 "SYS.DBMS_ISCHED", line 10439
ORA-06512: 在 "SYS.DBMS_ISCHED", line 3631
ORA-06512: 在 "SYS.DBMS_SCHEDULER", line 2414
ORA-06512: 在 "GSMADMIN_INTERNAL.DBMS_GSM_POOLADMIN", line 164
ORA-27436: 调度程序代理操作失败 , 显示消息 : Agent Error: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/shard_check.txt (No such file or directory)
ORA-06512: 在 "SYS.DBMS_ISCHED", line 3638
ORA-06512: 在 "SYS.DBMS_ISCHED", line 10444
ORA-06512: 在 "SYS.DBMS_ISCHED", line 5344
ORA-06512: 在 "SYS.DBMS_ISCHED", line 10439
ORA-06512: 在 "SYS.DBMS_ISCHED", line 3631
ORA-06512: 在 "SYS.DBMS_SCHEDULER", line 2414
ORA-06512: 在 "GSMADMIN_INTERNAL.DBMS_GSM_POOLADMIN", line 157
ORA-06512: 在 "GSMADMIN_INTERNAL.DBMS_GSM_POOLADMIN", line 4965
ORA-06512: 在 line 1
--- 错误提示很明显,没有 fast_recovery_area 目录,需要提前在 db02 和 db03 服务器上创建 fast_recovery_area 目录
[oracle@db02 ~]$ mkdir $ORACLE_BASE/fast_recovery_area
9.2 catalog创建用户和表,不能同步到shard db库
错误原因很多,需要具体问题具体分析,一般需要用到如下命令和日志进行分析问题:
(1)recover shard -shard sh1
(2)config shard -shard sh1
(3)alert_sh1.log
[oracle@db02 trace]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/sh1/sh1/trace
[oracle@db02 trace]$ tail -f alert_sh1.log
例如:
GDSCTL>recover shard -shard sh1
GSM 错误 :
primary_shardgroup sh1:ORA-01119: error in creating database file \'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/db01/products_tsp01.dbf\'
ORA-06512: at "SYS.EXECASUSER", line 44
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 1
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SYS_SQL", line 1529
ORA-06512: at "SYS.EXECASUSER", line 31
ORA-06512: at "GSMADMIN_INTERNAL.EXECUTEDDL", line 70
ORA-06512: at line 1 (ngsmoci_execute)
GDSCTL>recover shard -shard sh1
GSM 错误 :
primary_shardgroup sh1:ORA-03715: invalid user APP_SCHEMA
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SYS_ERROR", line 86
ORA-06512: at "SYS.EXECASUSER", line 22
ORA-06512: at "GSMADMIN_INTERNAL.EXECUTEDDL", line 70
ORA-06512: at line 1 (ngsmoci_execute)
GDSCTL>config shard -shard sh2
名称 : sh2
分片组 : primary_shardgroup
状态 : 确定
状态 : 已部署
区域 : region1
连接字符串 : db03:1521/sh2:dedicated
SCAN 地址 :
ONS 远程端口 : 0
磁盘阈值 , 毫秒 : 20
CPU 阈值 , %: 75
版本 : 12.2.0.0
上次失败的 DDL: drop tablespace TSP_SET_1 incl...
DDL 错误 : ORA-03715: invalid user APP_SCHEMA
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SYS_ERROR", line 86
ORA-06512: at "SYS.EXECASUSER", line 22
ORA-06512: at "GSMADMIN_INTERNAL.EXECUTEDDL", line 70
ORA-06512: at line 1 \(ngsmoci_execute\)
十:参考文献
《 12c 新特性 -Oracle Sharding 简介》
https://blogs.oracle.com/database4cn/12c-oracle-sharding
《 Sharded Database Deployment 》
《 Oracle 12C Sharding 分片数据库》
https://blog.csdn.net/kiral07/article/details/86923508#OracleSharding_Manage_80
《 Oracle Sharding - Troubleshooting Tips and Techniques ( 文档 ID 2180259.1) 》
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