内容简介:Spring MVC对JSON数据格式的支持非常好,配置完成后什么都不用管靠注解就可以轻松返回JSON格式的数据。
Spring MVC对JSON数据格式的支持非常好,配置完成后什么都不用管靠注解就可以轻松返回JSON格式的数据。
Spring 对JSON的支持有三种方式,下面会一一介绍,在此之前先是一些准备工作。
一、配置文件应该添加什么东西
- Maven配置文件应该添加哪些包 除了Spring MVC的核心包之外,还要加上JSON相关的依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.learn.springmvc</groupId> <artifactId>SpringMVCJSONDemo</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>SpringMVCJSONDemo Maven Webapp</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> </dependency> <!--配置SpringMVC包--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>4.3.11.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>4.3.11.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.3.11.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.3.11.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.3.11.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--配置JSON包--> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.8.10</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.8.10</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.8.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>SpringMVCJSONDemo</finalName> <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin> <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> </project> 复制代码
- Spring配置文件中除了和视图相关的 bean 要配置外,还需要配置和JSON有关的 bean
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.learn.Controller com.learn.model"/> <context:annotation-config/> <!--这个一定要加--> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!--和视图路径有关的bean--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix"> <value>/</value> </property> <property name="suffix"> <value>.jsp</value> </property> </bean> <!--和json有关的bean--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver"> <property name="order" value="1" /> <property name="defaultViews"> <list> <!-- Json视图 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.json.MappingJackson2JsonView"/> </list> </property> </bean> </beans> 复制代码
二、创建model类
package com.learn.model; public class User { private String name; private String id; private String email; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getId() { return id; } public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; } public String getEmail() { return email; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } } 复制代码
三、返回JSON数据的方式
在讲三种方式之前,先创建一个Controller
package com.learn.Controller; import com.learn.model.User; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; @RequestMapping("json") @Controller public class UserController { } 复制代码
1、@ResponseBody方式、
直接在控制器内加上下面的代码:
@RequestMapping(value = "/user/first") @ResponseBody public User getUserJSONInfo(){ System.out.println("请求JSON数据!!!"); User user = new User(); user.setName("today"); user.setId("10086"); user.setEmail("123@gmail.com"); return user; } 复制代码
在上面的代码中,有 @ResponseBody 注解,表明此方法返回的不是视图,而直接是responseBody
这个方法返回的是User类型的对象,但是在运行过程中会被自动转变成JSON对象返回给前端
运行结果:
2、使用 ResponseEntity
在控制器中加上如下代码:
@RequestMapping(value="/user/second") public ResponseEntity<User> getUserJSONInfo2(){ User user = new User(); user.setId("10086111"); user.setName("second"); user.setEmail("second@gmail.com"); return new ResponseEntity<User>(user, HttpStatus.OK); } 复制代码
3、httpServletResponse
这个方法很简单,就是自己把返回格式设成json格式就可以了
在控制器中加入如下代码:
@RequestMapping(value = "/user/third") public void getUserJSONInfo3(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { response.setContentType("application/json"); response.getWriter().println("{\"name\":\"third\",\"id\":\"10086\",\"email\":\"third@gmail.com\"}"); 复制代码
运行结果:
4、使用 返回多个JSON对象
代码:
@RequestMapping(value = "/user/forth") @ResponseBody public Map<String, Object> getUserJSONInfo4(){ User user = new User(); user.setName("forth"); user.setId("10086"); user.setEmail("forth@gmail.com"); Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>(); map.put("users", user); map.put("info", "some info"); map.put("time", "now"); return map; } 复制代码
运行结果:
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