centos6.9负载均衡方案完整配置(lvs+keepalived+pxc+nfs+业务系统)

栏目: 服务器 · 发布时间: 5年前

内容简介:一、安装业务系统、配置mysql负载均衡(PXC方案)二、NFS服务器配置三、NFS客户端配置(node1、node2、node3)

前期准备:

NFS服务器:计算机名nfsserver,IP地址192.168.1.103,用于存放业务系统的数据。
node1:计算机名PXC01,IP地址192.168.1.105,安装pxc系统和业务系统。
node2:计算机名PXC02,IP地址192.168.1.106,安装pxc系统和业务系统。
node3:计算机名PXC03,IP地址192.168.1.107,安装pxc系统和业务系统。
lvs服务器:计算机名lvsserver,IP地址192.168.1.121,vip为192.168.1.100,安装lvs用于负载均衡。
操作系统均为:Centos 6.9 64位

备注:第五章节介绍两台lvs服务器使用keepalived做高可用和健康检查。

一、安装业务系统、配置 mysql 负载均衡(PXC方案)

----------------------------------前言---------------------------------
需实现以下目标:
1、实现多台mysql节点数据一模一样
2、任何一台mysql节点挂了,不影响使用
3、每个节点同时提供服务和读写
4、要考虑到以后的扩展性,比如增加节点方便
5、在复杂情况下全自动化,不需要手工干预
考虑和尝试过很多方案,最终选择PXC方案。其它方案不理想的原因如下:
(1)主从复制方案:此方案满足不了需求,因为如果对从节点写入东西,不会同步到主服务器。
(2)主主复制方案:不适合生产环境,而且增加第三个节点很麻烦。
(3)基于主从复制扩展方案(MMM、MHA):此方案满足不了需求,因为读服务器虽然实现了负载均衡,但是写服务器只有一台提供服务。
(4)将mysql存在共享存储、DRBD中:不可行,节点不能同时提供服务,属于HA级别。
(5)Mysql Cluster集群:某种意义上来说只支持"NDB数据引擎"(分片要改成NDB,不分片不需要改),而且不支持外键、占用磁盘和内存大。重启的时候数据load到内存要很久。部署和管理起来复杂。
(6)Mysql Fabric集群:主要用两个功能,一个是mysql HA,另外一个是分片(即比如一个上TB的表,对其进行分片,然后每台服务器上存储一部分),不适用于我需要的环境。
----------------------------------前言---------------------------------
1、环境准备(node1、node2、node3)
node1 192.168.1.105 PXC01 centos 6.9 mini
node2 192.168.1.106 PXC02 centos 6.9 mini
node3 192.168.1.107 PXC03 centos 6.9 mini


2、关闭防火墙或selinux(node1、node2、node3)
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig iptables off
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/selinux
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#       enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#       permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#       disabled - SELinux is fully disabled.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= type of policy in use. Possible values are:
#       targeted - Only targeted network daemons are protected.
#       strict - Full SELinux protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted


3、安装业务系统,并升级到最新版本(node1、node2、node3)


4、把业务系统所有表都设置成主键(node1)
查没主键的表的命令是:
select t1.table_schema,t1.table_name from information_schema.tables t1   
left outer join  
information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS t2     
on t1.table_schema = t2.TABLE_SCHEMA  and t1.table_name = t2.TABLE_NAME  and t2.CONSTRAINT_NAME in  
('PRIMARY')   
where t2.table_name is null and t1.TABLE_SCHEMA not in ('information_schema','performance_schema','test','mysql', 'sys');

查有主键的表的命令是:
select t1.table_schema,t1.table_name from information_schema.tables t1   
left outer join  
information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS t2     
on t1.table_schema = t2.TABLE_SCHEMA  and t1.table_name = t2.TABLE_NAME  and t2.CONSTRAINT_NAME in  
('PRIMARY')   
where t2.table_name is not null and t1.TABLE_SCHEMA not in ('information_schema','performance_schema','test','mysql', 'sys');

按照下面的模版设置主键(node1)
ALTER TABLE `表名` ADD `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment FIRST, ADD primary key(id);


5、把业务系统非innodb引擎的表修改成innodb引擎表(node1)
查看哪些表用了MyISAM引擎:
[root@PXC01 ~]# mysql -u oa -p密码 -e "show table status from oa where Engine='MyISAM';"
[root@PXC01 ~]# mysql -u oa -p密码 -e "show table status from oa where Engine='MyISAM';" |awk '{print $1}' |sed 1d>mysqlchange

停止有使用到mysql的其它服务:
[root@PXC01 ~]# for i in 服务器名1 服务器名2;do /etc/init.d/$i stop;done

执行更改成innodb引擎的脚本:
[root@PXC01 ~]# cat mysqlchange_innodb.sh
#! /bin/bash
cat mysqlchange | while read LINE
do
tablename=$(echo $LINE |awk  '{print $1}')
echo "现在修改$tablename的引擎为innodb"
mysql -u oa -p`密码 | grep -w pass | awk -F"= " '{print $NF}'` oa -e "alter table $tablename engine=innodb;"
done

验证:
[root@PXC01 ~]# mysql -u oa -p`密码 | grep -w pass | awk -F"= " '{print $NF}'` -e "show table status from oa where Engine='MyISAM';"
[root@PXC01 ~]# mysql -u oa -p`密码 | grep -w pass | awk -F"= " '{print $NF}'` -e "show table status from oa where Engine='innoDB';"


6、备份数据库(node1)
[root@PXC01 ~]# mysqldump -u oa -p`密码 | grep -w pass | awk -F"= " '{print $NF}'` --databases oa |gzip>20180524.sql.gz
[root@PXC01 ~]# ll
总用量 44
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 24423 5月  22 16:55 20180524.sql.gz


7、将业务系统自带的mysql端口改成其它端口并且停止服务,开机不启动服务(node1、node2、node3)


8、yum安装pxc并配置
基础安装(node1、node2、node3)
[root@percona1 ~]# yum -y groupinstall Base Compatibility libraries Debugging Tools Dial-up Networking suppport Hardware monitoring utilities Performance Tools Development tools
   
组件安装(node1、node2、node3)
[root@percona1 ~]# yum install http://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-release/redhat/0.1-3/percona-release-0.1-3.noarch.rpm -y
[root@percona1 ~]# yum localinstall http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
[root@percona1 ~]# yum install socat libev -y
[root@percona1 ~]# yum install Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-55 -y

node1配置:
[root@PXC01 ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
# 我业务系统需要6033端口
[client]
port=6033
# 我业务系统需要6033端口
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
user=mysql
port=6033
# Path to Galera library
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/libgalera_smm.so
# Cluster connection URL contains the IPs of node#1, node#2 and node#3
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.1.105,192.168.1.106,192.168.1.107
# In order for Galera to work correctly binlog format should be ROW
binlog_format=ROW
# MyISAM storage engine has only experimental support
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
# This changes how InnoDB autoincrement locks are managed and is a requirement for Galera
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
# Node #1 address
wsrep_node_address=192.168.1.105
# SST method
wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2
# Cluster name
wsrep_cluster_name=my_centos_cluster
# Authentication for SST method
wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:s3cret"

node1启动mysql命令如下:
[root@PXC01 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql bootstrap-pxc
Bootstrapping PXC (Percona XtraDB Cluster) ERROR! MySQL (Percona XtraDB Cluster) is not running, but lock file (/var/lock/subsys/mysql) exists
Starting MySQL (Percona XtraDB Cluster)... SUCCESS!

如果是centos7,则启动命令如下:
[root@percona1 ~]# systemctl start mysql@bootstrap.service

若是重启的话,就先kill,然后删除pid文件后再执行上面的启动命令。

node1查看服务:
[root@PXC01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql status
SUCCESS! MySQL (Percona XtraDB Cluster) running (7712)
将/etc/init.d/mysql bootstrap-pxc加入到rc.local里面。

node1进入mysql控制台:
[root@PXC01 ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.41-37.0-55 Percona XtraDB Cluster (GPL), Release rel37.0, Revision 855, WSREP version 25.12, wsrep_25.12.r4027
Copyright (c) 2009-2014 Percona LLC and/or its affiliates
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show status like 'wsrep%';
+----------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Variable_name              | Value                                |
+----------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| wsrep_local_state_uuid     | 1ab083fc-5c46-11e8-a7b7-76a002f2b5c8 |
| wsrep_protocol_version     | 4                                    |
| wsrep_last_committed       | 0                                    |
| wsrep_replicated           | 0                                    |
| wsrep_replicated_bytes     | 0                                    |
| wsrep_received             | 2                                    |
| wsrep_received_bytes       | 134                                  |
| wsrep_local_commits        | 0                                    |
| wsrep_local_cert_failures  | 0                                    |
| wsrep_local_replays        | 0                                    |
| wsrep_local_send_queue     | 0                                    |
| wsrep_local_send_queue_avg | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue     | 0                                    |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue_avg | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_flow_control_paused  | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_flow_control_sent    | 0                                    |
| wsrep_flow_control_recv    | 0                                    |
| wsrep_cert_deps_distance   | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_apply_oooe           | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_apply_oool           | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_apply_window         | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_commit_oooe          | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_commit_oool          | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_commit_window        | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_local_state          | 4                                    |
| wsrep_local_state_comment  | Synced                               |
| wsrep_cert_index_size      | 0                                    |
| wsrep_causal_reads         | 0                                    |
| wsrep_incoming_addresses   | 192.168.1.105:3306                   |
| wsrep_cluster_conf_id      | 1                                    |
| wsrep_cluster_size         | 1                                    |
| wsrep_cluster_state_uuid   | 1ab083fc-5c46-11e8-a7b7-76a002f2b5c8 |
| wsrep_cluster_status       | Primary                              |
| wsrep_connected            | ON                                   |
| wsrep_local_bf_aborts      | 0                                    |
| wsrep_local_index          | 0                                    |
| wsrep_provider_name        | Galera                               |
| wsrep_provider_vendor      | Codership Oy <info@codership.com>    |
| wsrep_provider_version     | 2.12(r318911d)                       |
| wsrep_ready                | ON                                   |
| wsrep_thread_count         | 2                                    |
+----------------------------+--------------------------------------+
41 rows in set (0.00 sec)

node1设置数据库用户名密码
mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET password=PASSWORD("Passw0rd") where user='root';
   
node1创建、授权、同步账号
mysql> CREATE USER 'sstuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 's3cret';
mysql> GRANT RELOAD, LOCK TABLES, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'sstuser'@'localhost';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

node1查看你指定集群的IP地址
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'wsrep_cluster_address';
+-----------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name         | Value                                             |
+-----------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| wsrep_cluster_address | gcomm://192.168.1.105,192.168.1.106,192.168.1.107 |
+-----------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

node1此参数查看是否开启
mysql> show status like 'wsrep_ready';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| wsrep_ready   | ON    |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

node1查看集群的成员数
mysql> show status like 'wsrep_cluster_size';
+--------------------+-------+
| Variable_name      | Value |
+--------------------+-------+
| wsrep_cluster_size | 1     |
+--------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

node1查看wsrep的相关参数
mysql> show status like 'wsrep%';
+----------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Variable_name              | Value                                |
+----------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| wsrep_local_state_uuid     | 1ab083fc-5c46-11e8-a7b7-76a002f2b5c8 |
| wsrep_protocol_version     | 4                                    |
| wsrep_last_committed       | 2                                    |
| wsrep_replicated           | 2                                    |
| wsrep_replicated_bytes     | 405                                  |
| wsrep_received             | 2                                    |
| wsrep_received_bytes       | 134                                  |
| wsrep_local_commits        | 0                                    |
| wsrep_local_cert_failures  | 0                                    |
| wsrep_local_replays        | 0                                    |
| wsrep_local_send_queue     | 0                                    |
| wsrep_local_send_queue_avg | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue     | 0                                    |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue_avg | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_flow_control_paused  | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_flow_control_sent    | 0                                    |
| wsrep_flow_control_recv    | 0                                    |
| wsrep_cert_deps_distance   | 1.000000                             |
| wsrep_apply_oooe           | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_apply_oool           | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_apply_window         | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_commit_oooe          | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_commit_oool          | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_commit_window        | 0.000000                             |
| wsrep_local_state          | 4                                    |
| wsrep_local_state_comment  | Synced                               |
| wsrep_cert_index_size      | 2                                    |
| wsrep_causal_reads         | 0                                    |
| wsrep_incoming_addresses   | 192.168.1.105:3306                   |
| wsrep_cluster_conf_id      | 1                                    |
| wsrep_cluster_size         | 1                                    |
| wsrep_cluster_state_uuid   | 1ab083fc-5c46-11e8-a7b7-76a002f2b5c8 |
| wsrep_cluster_status       | Primary                              |
| wsrep_connected            | ON                                   |
| wsrep_local_bf_aborts      | 0                                    |
| wsrep_local_index          | 0                                    |
| wsrep_provider_name        | Galera                               |
| wsrep_provider_vendor      | Codership Oy <info@codership.com>    |
| wsrep_provider_version     | 2.12(r318911d)                       |
| wsrep_ready                | ON                                   |
| wsrep_thread_count         | 2                                    |
+----------------------------+--------------------------------------+
41 rows in set (0.00 sec)


node2配置:
[root@PXC02 ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf

我业务系统需要6033端口
[client]
port=6033

我业务系统需要6033端口
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
user=mysql
port=6033
# Path to Galera library
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/libgalera_smm.so
# Cluster connection URL contains the IPs of node#1, node#2 and node#3
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.1.105,192.168.1.106,192.168.1.107
# In order for Galera to work correctly binlog format should be ROW
binlog_format=ROW
# MyISAM storage engine has only experimental support
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
# This changes how InnoDB autoincrement locks are managed and is a requirement for Galera
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
# Node #1 address
wsrep_node_address=192.168.1.106
# SST method
wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2
# Cluster name
wsrep_cluster_name=my_centos_cluster
# Authentication for SST method
wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:s3cret"

node2启动服务:
[root@PXC02 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql start
ERROR! MySQL (Percona XtraDB Cluster) is not running, but lock file (/var/lock/subsys/mysql) exists
Starting MySQL (Percona XtraDB Cluster).....State transfer in progress, setting sleep higher
... SUCCESS!

node2查看服务:
[root@PXC02 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql status
SUCCESS! MySQL (Percona XtraDB Cluster) running (9071)


node3配置:
[root@PXC03 ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf

我业务系统需要6033端口
[client]
port=6033

我业务系统需要6033端口
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
user=mysql
port=6033
# Path to Galera library
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/libgalera_smm.so
# Cluster connection URL contains the IPs of node#1, node#2 and node#3
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.1.105,192.168.1.106,192.168.1.107
# In order for Galera to work correctly binlog format should be ROW
binlog_format=ROW
# MyISAM storage engine has only experimental support
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
# This changes how InnoDB autoincrement locks are managed and is a requirement for Galera
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
# Node #1 address
wsrep_node_address=192.168.1.107
# SST method
wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2
# Cluster name
wsrep_cluster_name=my_centos_cluster
# Authentication for SST method
wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:s3cret"

node3启动服务:
[root@PXC03 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql start
ERROR! MySQL (Percona XtraDB Cluster) is not running, but lock file (/var/lock/subsys/mysql) exists
Starting MySQL (Percona XtraDB Cluster)......State transfer in progress, setting sleep higher
.... SUCCESS!

node3查看服务:
[root@PXC03 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql status
SUCCESS! MySQL (Percona XtraDB Cluster) running (9071)
..................................注意................................
-> 除了名义上的master之外,其它的node节点只需要启动mysql即可。
-> 节点的数据库的登陆和master节点的用户名密码一致,自动同步。所以其它的节点数据库用户名密码无须重新设置。
   也就是说,如上设置,只需要在名义上的master节点(如上的node1)上设置权限,其它的节点配置好/etc/my.cnf后,只需要启动mysql就行,权限会自动同步过来。
   如上的node2,node3节点,登陆mysql的权限是和node1一样的(即是用node1设置的权限登陆)
.....................................................................
如果上面的node2、node3启动mysql失败,比如/var/lib/mysql下的err日志报错如下:
[ERROR] WSREP: gcs/src/gcs_group.cpp:long int gcs_group_handle_join_msg(gcs_
解决办法:
-> 查看节点上的iptables防火墙是否关闭;检查到名义上的master节点上的4567端口是否连通(telnet)
-> selinux是否关闭
-> 删除名义上的master节点上的grastate.dat后,重启名义上的master节点的数据库;当然当前节点上的grastate.dat也删除并重启数据库
.....................................................................
   



9、最后进行测试
在任意一个node上,进行添加,删除,修改操作,都会同步到其他的服务器,是现在主主的模式,当然前提是表引擎必须是innodb,因为galera目前只支持innodb的表。
mysql> show status like 'wsrep%';
+----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name              | Value                                                    |
+----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| wsrep_local_state_uuid     | 1ab083fc-5c46-11e8-a7b7-76a002f2b5c8                     |
| wsrep_protocol_version     | 4                                                        |
| wsrep_last_committed       | 2                                                        |
| wsrep_replicated           | 2                                                        |
| wsrep_replicated_bytes     | 405                                                      |
| wsrep_received             | 10                                                       |
| wsrep_received_bytes       | 728                                                      |
| wsrep_local_commits        | 0                                                        |
| wsrep_local_cert_failures  | 0                                                        |
| wsrep_local_replays        | 0                                                        |
| wsrep_local_send_queue     | 0                                                        |
| wsrep_local_send_queue_avg | 0.000000                                                 |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue     | 0                                                        |
| wsrep_local_recv_queue_avg | 0.000000                                                 |
| wsrep_flow_control_paused  | 0.000000                                                 |
| wsrep_flow_control_sent    | 0                                                        |
| wsrep_flow_control_recv    | 0                                                        |
| wsrep_cert_deps_distance   | 0.000000                                                 |
| wsrep_apply_oooe           | 0.000000                                                 |
| wsrep_apply_oool           | 0.000000                                                 |
| wsrep_apply_window         | 0.000000                                                 |
| wsrep_commit_oooe          | 0.000000                                                 |
| wsrep_commit_oool          | 0.000000                                                 |
| wsrep_commit_window        | 0.000000                                                 |
| wsrep_local_state          | 4                                                        |
| wsrep_local_state_comment  | Synced                                                   |
| wsrep_cert_index_size      | 0                                                        |
| wsrep_causal_reads         | 0                                                        |
| wsrep_incoming_addresses   | 192.168.1.105:6033,192.168.1.106:6033,192.168.1.107:6033 |
| wsrep_cluster_conf_id      | 3                                                        |
| wsrep_cluster_size         | 3                                                        |
| wsrep_cluster_state_uuid   | 1ab083fc-5c46-11e8-a7b7-76a002f2b5c8                     |
| wsrep_cluster_status       | Primary                                                  |
| wsrep_connected            | ON                                                       |
| wsrep_local_bf_aborts      | 0                                                        |
| wsrep_local_index          | 0                                                        |
| wsrep_provider_name        | Galera                                                   |
| wsrep_provider_vendor      | Codership Oy <info@codership.com>                        |
| wsrep_provider_version     | 2.12(r318911d)                                           |
| wsrep_ready                | ON                                                       |
| wsrep_thread_count         | 2                                                        |
+----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
41 rows in set (0.00 sec)           
在node3上创建一个库
mysql> create database wangshibo;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

然后在node1和node2上查看,自动同步过来
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
| wangshibo          |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在node1上的wangshibo库下创建表,插入数据
mysql> use wangshibo;
Database changed
mysql> create table test(id int(5));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
mysql> insert into test values(1);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into test values(2);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

同样,在其它的节点上查看,也是能自动同步过来
mysql> select * from wangshibo.test;
+------+
| id   |
+------+
|    1 |
|    2 |
+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)


10、node1还原数据库(node1)
mysql> create database oa;
gunzip 20180524.sql.gz
/usr/bin/mysql -uroot -p密码 oa <20180524.sql

for i in 服务器名1 服务器名2;do /etc/init.d/$i start;done


11、然后验证node2和node3是否从node1同步了数据库和所有表

二、NFS服务器配置

----------------------------------前言---------------------------------
这步其实就是就是存储数据。
要实现三台节点服务器都使用一样的数据,方法一般有:
(1)NFS:所有数据存放在一台NFS服务器上,因为NFS可以将锁放在nfs服务器端,这样就不会造成同时读写文件、损坏文件。
(2)支持同时读写一个文件的存储设备:设备很昂贵。
(3)分布式文件系统:比如Fasthds、HDFS,没有深入研究,可能需要更改业务程序代码。
----------------------------------前言---------------------------------
1、安装nfs相关包
[root@nfsserver ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils rpcbind


2、建立共享目录,并且建立用户,并赋予目录用户和组权限(什么用户和组取决于业务系统要求)。
[root@nfsserver ~]# groupadd -g 9005 oa
[root@nfsserver ~]# useradd -u 9005 -g 9005 oa -d /home/oa -s /sbin/nologin
[root@nfsserver ~]# mkdir /data
[root@nfsserver ~]# chown -hR oa.oa /data
[root@nfsserver ~]# chmod -R 777 /data  (或755)


3、建立exports文件,rw表示读写。
[root@nfsserver /]# cat /etc/exports
/data 192.168.1.105(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=9005,anongid=9005)
/data 192.168.1.106(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=9005,anongid=9005)
/data 192.168.1.107(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=9005,anongid=9005)


4、重启服务和设置服务开机启动,一定要先重启rpcbind,然后才能重启nfs。
[root@nfsserver /]# /etc/init.d/rpcbind start
正在启动 rpcbind:                                         [确定]
[root@nfsserver /]# rpcinfo -p localhost
[root@nfsserver /]# netstat -lnt
[root@nfsserver /]# chkconfig rpcbind on
[root@nfsserver /]# chkconfig --list | grep rpcbind
[root@nfsserver /]# /etc/init.d/nfs start
启动 NFS 服务:                                            [确定]
启动 NFS mountd:                                          [确定]
启动 NFS 守护进程:                                        [确定]
正在启动 RPC idmapd:                                      [确定]
[root@nfsserver /]# rpcinfo -p localhost 会发现多出来好多端口
[root@nfsserver /]# chkconfig nfs on
[root@nfsserver /]# chkconfig --list | grep nfs


5、关闭防火墙和selinux。
[root@nfsserver /]# service iptables stop
iptables:将链设置为政策 ACCEPT:filter                    [确定]
iptables:清除防火墙规则:                                 [确定]
iptables:正在卸载模块:                                   [确定]
[root@nfsserver /]# chkconfig iptables off
[root@nfsserver /]# selinux关闭方法略。

三、NFS客户端配置(node1、node2、node3)

1、看下NFS服务器的共享(node1、node2、node3)
[root@oaserver1 ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils rpcbind(showmount命令要安装这个)
[root@oaserver1 /]# /etc/init.d/rpcbind start
[root@oaserver1 /]# rpcinfo -p localhost
[root@oaserver1 /]# netstat -lnt
[root@oaserver1 /]# chkconfig rpcbind on
[root@oaserver1 /]# chkconfig --list | grep rpcbind
[root@PXC01 ~]# showmount -e 192.168.1.103
Export list for 192.168.1.103:
/data    192.168.1.107,192.168.1.106,192.168.1.105


2、新建挂载目录,并且挂载(node1、node2、node3)
[root@oaserver1 ~]# mkdir /data
[root@oaserver1 ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.1.103:/data /data
[root@oaserver1 ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
                       18G  3.6G   13G  22% /
tmpfs                 491M  4.0K  491M   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             477M   28M  425M   7% /boot
192.168.1.103:/data
                       14G  2.1G   11G  16% /data
[root@oaserver1 ~]# cd /
[root@oaserver1 /]# ls -lhd data*
drwxrwxrwx 2 oa        oa        4.0K 5月  24 2018 data


3、设置开机自动挂载(node1、node2、node3)
[root@oaserver1 data]# vi /etc/fstab
192.168.1.103:/data /data               nfs     defaults        0 0


4、移动数据目录到/data目录下
步骤主要是停止相关服务,然后移动数据到/data目录,然后做个软连接。


5、重启下服务器后验证

四、负载均衡lvs配置(单台负载均衡服务器)

1、DS配置
安装所需的依赖包
yum install -y wget make kernel-devel gcc gcc-c++ libnl* libpopt* popt-static

创建一个软链接,防止后面编译安装ipvsadm时找不到系统内核
ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-696.30.1.el6.x86_64/ /usr/src/linux

下载安装ipvsadm
wget http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/kernel-2.6/ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz
tar zxvf ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz
cd ipvsadm-1.26
make && make install
ipvsadm

创建文件 /etc/init.d/lvsdr, 并赋予执行权限:
#!/bin/sh
VIP=192.168.1.100
RIP1=192.168.1.105
RIP2=192.168.1.106
RIP3=192.168.1.107
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
start)
  echo " start LVS  of DirectorServer"
  # set the Virtual  IP Address
   ifconfig eth0:0 $VIP/24
   #/sbin/route add -host $VIP dev eth0:0
   #Clear IPVS table
   /sbin/ipvsadm -c
  #set LVS
  /sbin/ipvsadm -A -t $VIP:80 -s sh
  /sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:80 -r $RIP1:80 -g
  /sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:80 -r $RIP2:80 -g
  /sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:80 -r $RIP3:80 -g
  /sbin/ipvsadm -A -t $VIP:25 -s sh
  /sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:25 -r $RIP1:25 -g
  /sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:25 -r $RIP2:25 -g
  /sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:25 -r $RIP3:25 -g
  /sbin/ipvsadm -A -t $VIP:110 -s sh
  /sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:110 -r $RIP1:110 -g
  /sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:110 -r $RIP2:110 -g
  /sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:110 -r $RIP3:110 -g
  /sbin/ipvsadm -A -t $VIP:143 -s sh
  /sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:143 -r $RIP1:143 -g
  /sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:143 -r $RIP2:143 -g
  /sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:143 -r $RIP3:143 -g
  #/sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $VIP:80 -r $RIP3:80 –g
  #Run LVS
  /sbin/ipvsadm
  #end
;;
stop)
echo "close LVS Directorserver"
/sbin/ipvsadm -c
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
exit 1
esac

[root@lvsserver ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/lvsdr
[root@lvsserver ~]# /etc/init.d/lvsdr start  启动
[root@lvsserver ~]# vi /etc/rc.local 加入到开机自启动
/etc/init.d/lvsdr start

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:50:56:8D:19:13  
          inet addr:192.168.1.121  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::250:56ff:fe8d:1913/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:10420500 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:421628 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:1046805128 (998.3 MiB)  TX bytes:101152496 (96.4 MiB)
eth0:0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:50:56:8D:19:13  
          inet addr:192.168.1.100  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:164717347 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:164717347 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:28297589130 (26.3 GiB)  TX bytes:28297589130 (26.3 GiB)
          

2、RS配置(node1、node2、node3)
[root@oaserver1 ~]# vi /etc/init.d/realserver
#!/bin/sh
VIP=192.168.1.100
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
start)
  echo " start LVS  of RealServer"
  echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
  echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/eth0/arp_announce
  echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
  echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/eth0/arp_ignore
  service network restart
  ifconfig lo:0 $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $VIP
  route add -host $VIP dev lo:0
  #end
;;
stop)
echo "close LVS Realserver"
service network restart
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
exit 1
esac

[root@oaserver1 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/realserver
[root@oaserver1 ~]# /etc/init.d/realserver start
[root@oaserver1 ~]# vi /etc/rc.local
/etc/init.d/realserver start

[root@oaserver1 ~]# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:DC:B1:39  
          inet addr:192.168.1.105  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fedc:b139/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:816173 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:399007 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:534582215 (509.8 MiB)  TX bytes:98167814 (93.6 MiB)
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:43283 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:43283 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:8895319 (8.4 MiB)  TX bytes:8895319 (8.4 MiB)
lo:0      Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:192.168.1.100  Mask:255.255.255.255
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1

          
3、重启服务器测试下,我是将其中一台的logo换掉,然后刷新,如果logo会变就表示成功。可以用ipvsadm名称查看。

五、负载均衡配置(两台lvs负载均衡服务器用keepalived高可用,比较简单,因为这个软件起到健康检查,同时能实现高可用,如果没有keepalived那么有一台oa挂了,lvs依然会转发给它,造成访问不了)

注意本章节的服务器和IP环境不一样

1、环境
    Keepalived1 + lvs1(Director1):10.22.10.83
    Keepalived2 + lvs2(Director2):10.22.10.84
    Real server1:10.22.10.80
    Real server1:10.22.10.81
    Real server1:10.22.10.82
    IP: 10.22.10.86

    
2、安装所需的依赖包
yum install -y wget make kernel-devel gcc gcc-c++ libnl* libpopt* popt-static
创建一个软链接,防止后面编译安装ipvsadm时找不到系统内核
ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-696.30.1.el6.x86_64/ /usr/src/linux


3、Lvs + keepalived的2个节点安装
yum install ipvsadm keepalived -y
也可以编译安装ipvsadm(没试过这个,不建议)
wget http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/kernel-2.6/ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz
tar zxvf ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz
cd ipvsadm-1.26
make && make install
ipvsadm


4、Real server节点3台配置脚本(node1、node2、node3):
[root@oaserver1 ~]# vi /etc/init.d/realserver
#!/bin/sh
VIP=10.22.10.86
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
start)
  echo " start LVS  of RealServer"
  echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
  echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/eth0/arp_announce
  echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
  echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/eth0/arp_ignore
  service network restart
  ifconfig lo:0 $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $VIP
  route add -host $VIP dev lo:0
  #end
;;
stop)
echo "close LVS Realserver"
service network restart
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
exit 1
esac
[root@oaserver1 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/realserver
[root@oaserver1 ~]# /etc/init.d/realserver start
[root@oaserver1 ~]# vi /etc/rc.local
/etc/init.d/realserver start
[root@oaserver1 ~]# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:07:D5:96  
          inet addr:10.22.10.80  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe07:d596/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:1390 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1459 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:334419 (326.5 KiB)  TX bytes:537109 (524.5 KiB)
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:2633 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:2633 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:539131 (526.4 KiB)  TX bytes:539131 (526.4 KiB)
lo:0      Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:10.22.10.86  Mask:255.255.255.255
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          
          
5、Lvs + keepalived节点配置,好像可以设置如果那台有问题,然后邮件通知。
主节点( MASTER )配置文件
vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.22.10.86
    }
}
virtual_server 10.22.10.86 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo sh
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 0
    protocol TCP
    real_server 10.22.10.80 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
            connect_port 80
        }
    }
    real_server 10.22.10.81 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
            connect_port 80
        }
    }
    real_server 10.22.10.82 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
            connect_port 80
        }
    }
}
virtual_server 10.22.10.86 25 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo sh
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 0
    protocol TCP
    real_server 10.22.10.80 25 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
            connect_port 25
        }
    }
    real_server 10.22.10.81 25 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
            connect_port 25
        }
    }
    real_server 10.22.10.82 25 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
            connect_port 25
        }
    }
}
virtual_server 10.22.10.86 110 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo sh
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 0
    protocol TCP
    real_server 10.22.10.80 110 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
            connect_port 110
        }
    }
    real_server 10.22.10.81 110 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
            connect_port 110
        }
    }
    real_server 10.22.10.82 110 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
            connect_port 110
        }
    }
}
virtual_server 10.22.10.86 143 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo sh
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 0
    protocol TCP
    real_server 10.22.10.80 143 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
            connect_port 143
        }
    }
    real_server 10.22.10.81 143 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
            connect_port 143
        }
    }
    real_server 10.22.10.82 143 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
            connect_port 143
        }
    }
}
从节点( BACKUP )配置文件
拷贝主节点的配置文件keepalived.conf,然后修改如下内容:
state MASTER -> state BACKUP
priority 100 -> priority 90
keepalived的2个节点执行如下命令,开启转发功能:
# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward


6、两节点关闭防火墙
/etc/init.d/iptables stop
chkconfig iptables off


7、两节点先后顺序启动keepalive
先主后从分别启动keepalive
service keepalived start
chkconfig keepalived on


8、测试

六、维护注意项

1、麻烦开机或维护的时候,务必按照这个开机顺序(间隔2-3分钟左右):
(1)、85 NFS服务器
(2)、80 业务服务器
(3)、81、82 业务服务器
(4)、83负载分发服务器
(5)、84负载分发服务器
备注:如果85不先启动,那oa服务器挂载不了存储分区。然后80oa服务器不首先启动,81和82的mysql服务启动不起来。
2、正常关机或重启顺序
(1)83、84负载分发服务器
(2)81、82 业务服务器
(3)80 业务服务器
(4)85 NFS服务器
3、如果3台业务服务器,出现个别正常关机或重启卡在那里很久的,麻烦暂时直接关机就可以。

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

附:

LVS的调度算法分为静态与动态两类。
1.静态算法(4种):只根据算法进行调度 而不考虑后端服务器的实际连接情况和负载情况
    ①.RR:轮叫调度(Round Robin)
      调度器通过”轮叫”调度算法将外部请求按顺序轮流分配到集群中的真实服务器上,它均等地对待每一台服务器,而不管服务器上实际的连接数和系统负载。
    ②.WRR:加权轮叫(Weight RR)
      调度器通过“加权轮叫”调度算法根据真实服务器的不同处理能力来调度访问请求。这样可以保证处理能力强的服务器处理更多的访问流量。调度器可以自动问询真实服务器的负载情况,并动态地调整其权值。
    ③.DH:目标地址散列调度(Destination Hash )
      根据请求的目标IP地址,作为散列键(HashKey)从静态分配的散列表找出对应的服务器,若该服务器是可用的且未超载,将请求发送到该服务器,否则返回空。
    ④.SH:源地址 hash(Source Hash)
      源地址散列”调度算法根据请求的源IP地址,作为散列键(HashKey)从静态分配的散列表找出对应的服务器,若该服务器是可用的且未超载,将请求发送到该服务器,否则返回空。
    
2.动态算法(6种):前端的调度器会根据后端真实服务器的实际连接情况来分配请求
    ①.LC:最少链接(Least Connections)
      调度器通过”最少连接”调度算法动态地将网络请求调度到已建立的链接数最少的服务器上。如果集群系统的真实服务器具有相近的系统性能,采用”最小连接”调度算法可以较好地均衡负载。
    ②.WLC:加权最少连接(默认采用的就是这种)(Weighted Least Connections)
      在集群系统中的服务器性能差异较大的情况下,调度器采用“加权最少链接”调度算法优化负载均衡性能,具有较高权值的服务器将承受较大比例的活动连接负载。调度器可以自动问询真实服务器的负载情况,并动态地调整其权值。
    ③.SED:最短延迟调度(Shortest Expected Delay )
      在WLC基础上改进,Overhead = (ACTIVE+1)*256/加权,不再考虑非活动状态,把当前处于活动状态的数目+1来实现,数目最小的,接受下次请求,+1的目的是为了考虑加权的时候,非活动连接过多缺陷:当权限过大的时候,会倒置空闲服务器一直处于无连接状态。
    ④.NQ永不排队/最少队列调度(Never Queue Scheduling NQ)
      无需队列。如果有台 realserver的连接数=0就直接分配过去,不需要再进行sed运算,保证不会有一个主机很空间。在SED基础上无论+几,第二次一定给下一个,保证不会有一个主机不会很空闲着,不考虑非活动连接,才用NQ,SED要考虑活动状态连接,对于DNS的UDP不需要考虑非活动连接,而httpd的处于保持状态的服务就需要考虑非活动连接给服务器的压力。
    ⑤.LBLC:基于局部性的最少链接(locality-Based Least Connections)
      基于局部性的最少链接”调度算法是针对目标IP地址的负载均衡,目前主要用于Cache集群系统。该算法根据请求的目标IP地址找出该目标IP地址最近使用的服务器,若该服务器是可用的且没有超载,将请求发送到该服务器;若服务器不存在,或者该服务器超载且有服务器处于一半的工作负载,则用“最少链接”的原则选出一个可用的服务器,将请求发送到该服务器。
    ⑥. LBLCR:带复制的基于局部性最少连接(Locality-Based Least Connections with Replication)
      带复制的基于局部性最少链接”调度算法也是针对目标IP地址的负载均衡,目前主要用于Cache集群系统。它与LBLC算法的不同之处是它要维护从一个目标IP地址到一组服务器的映射,而LBLC算法维护从一个目标IP地址到一台服务器的映射。该算法根据请求的目标IP地址找出该目标IP地址对应的服务器组,按”最小连接”原则从服务器组中选出一台服务器,若服务器没有超载,将请求发送到该服务器;若服务器超载,则按“最小连接”原则从这个集群中选出一台服务器,将该服务器加入到服务器组中,将请求发送到该服务器。同时,当该服务器组有一段时间没有被修改,将最忙的服务器从服务器组中删除,以降低复制的程度。

3、keepalived切换正常日志/var/log/message日志
以下是另外一台服务器挂了,当前这台服务器自动接管:
Aug  4 15:15:47 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[1306]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
Aug  4 15:15:48 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[1306]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
Aug  4 15:15:48 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[1306]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
Aug  4 15:15:48 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[1303]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.100 added
Aug  4 15:15:48 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[1306]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.1.100
Aug  4 15:15:53 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[1306]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.1.100

以下是另外一台服务器恢复后,自动释放资源:
Aug  4 15:17:25 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[1306]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received higher prio advert
Aug  4 15:17:25 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[1306]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
Aug  4 15:17:25 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[1306]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.
Aug  4 15:17:25 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[1303]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.100 removed
Aug  4 15:17:34 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[1303]: TCP connection to [192.168.1.105]:110 success.
Aug  4 15:17:34 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[1303]: Adding service [192.168.1.105]:110 to VS [192.168.1.100]:110
Aug  4 15:17:35 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[1303]: TCP connection to [192.168.1.105]:143 success.
Aug  4 15:17:35 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[1303]: Adding service [192.168.1.105]:143 to VS [192.168.1.100]:143
Aug  4 15:18:04 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[1303]: TCP connection to [192.168.1.107]:110 success.
Aug  4 15:18:04 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[1303]: Adding service [192.168.1.107]:110 to VS [192.168.1.100]:110
Aug  4 15:18:05 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[1303]: TCP connection to [192.168.1.107]:143 success.
Aug  4 15:18:05 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[1303]: Adding service [192.168.1.107]:143 to VS [192.168.1.100]:143

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爆发

爆发

[美] 艾伯特-拉斯洛·巴拉巴西 / 马慧 / 中国人民大学出版社 / 2012-6 / 59.90元

1. 本书是一本超越《黑天鹅》的惊世之作。如果说塔勒布认为人类行为是随机的,都是小概率事件,是不可以预测的;那么全球复杂网络权威Barabasi则认为,人类行为93%是可以预测的。 2. Barabasi的研究是在人类生活数字化的大数据时代基础上进行的,移动电话、网络以及电子邮件使人类 行为变得更加容易量化,将我们的社会变成了一个巨大的数据库。他认为,人类正处在一个聚合点上,在这里数据、科学......一起来看看 《爆发》 这本书的介绍吧!

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