树莓派3G无线网卡拨号上网

栏目: 服务器 · 发布时间: 7年前

内容简介：树莓派3G无线网卡拨号上网

树莓派对常见型号的无线上网卡支持非常完善，基本可以做到即插即用，这里我使用的3G模块为SIM5218，支持WCDMA/GSM，即联通2G/3G，移动2G，测试卡为中国联通SIM卡。

内核打印信息中3G模块自动识别，能看到 ttyUSB0-4 即说明驱动加载成功 

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ lsusb
    Bus 001 Device 005: ID 05c6:9000 Qualcomm, Inc. SIMCom SIM5218 modem

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ dmesg
    [   19.612188] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial
    [   19.612317] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial_generic
    [   19.612439] usbserial: USB Serial support registered for generic
    [   19.722022] usbcore: registered new interface driver option
    [   19.722206] usbserial: USB Serial support registered for GSM modem (1-port)
    [   19.723265] option 1-1.4:1.0: GSM modem (1-port) converter detected
    [   20.077635] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): re-mounted. Opts: (null)
    [   20.136701] usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_wdm
    [   20.145665] usb 1-1.4: GSM modem (1-port) converter now attached to ttyUSB0
    [   20.146191] option 1-1.4:1.1: GSM modem (1-port) converter detected
    [   20.188948] usb 1-1.4: GSM modem (1-port) converter now attached to ttyUSB1
    [   20.191974] option 1-1.4:1.2: GSM modem (1-port) converter detected
    [   20.248902] usb 1-1.4: GSM modem (1-port) converter now attached to ttyUSB2
    [   20.250694] option 1-1.4:1.3: GSM modem (1-port) converter detected
    [   20.288505] usb 1-1.4: GSM modem (1-port) converter now attached to ttyUSB3
    [   20.289022] option 1-1.4:1.4: GSM modem (1-port) converter detected
    [   20.300976] usb 1-1.4: GSM modem (1-port) converter now attached to ttyUSB4
    [   20.336944] usbcore: registered new interface driver qmi_wwan

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ ls /dev/ttyUSB*
    /dev/ttyUSB0  /dev/ttyUSB1  /dev/ttyUSB2  /dev/ttyUSB3  /dev/ttyUSB4

接下来确定操作的串口，这就需要一个一个的去尝试，寻找对每个 AT 命令都能正常返回的串口，如果后面遇到串口卡死不能用的情况，建议换个串口试试，例如在后面执行 pppd 拨号过程中， ttyUSB2 一旦拨号便无法继续使用，必须重新插拔才能回复正常，而 ttyUSB3 就很正常

至于为什么要生成这么多 USB 串口，我想是多个进程访问串口的需要，一旦 ppp 拨号成功，其他进程便无法 /dev/ttyUSB3 的资源，这时还想获取信息必须使用 /dev/ttyUSB2

拨号

ppp

编译安装ppp

wget https://download.samba.org/pub/ppp/ppp-2.4.5.tar.gz
tar zxvf ppp-2.4.5.tar.gz
cd ppp-2.4.5/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ppp
make && make install
sudo ln -s /usr/sbin/pppd -> /usr/local/ppp/sbin/pppd
sudo ln -s /usr/sbin/chat -> /usr/local/ppp/sbin/chat

新建配置文件

sudo mkdir -p /etc/ppp/peer
sudo touch /etc/ppp/options
$ cat /etc/ppp/peers/wcdma

#set debug ,send message to /var/log/messages
debug
#To keep pppd on the terminal
nodetach
lock
#set seriral
/dev/ttyUSB3
# set baudrate
115200
user "card"
password "card"
# set flowdate
crtscts
show-password
usepeerdns
noauth
noipdefault
novj
novjccomp
noccp
# Accept the peer's idea of our local IP address
ipcp-accept-local
# ipcp-accept-remote
ipcp-accept-remote
connect '/usr/sbin/chat -s -v -f /etc/ppp/peers/wcdma-chat-connect'
disconnect '/usr/sbin/chat -s -v -f /etc/ppp/peers/wcdma-chat-disconnect'

设置拨号脚本

$ cat /etc/ppp/peers/wcdma-chat-connect

ABORT 'NO CARRIER'
ABORT 'ERROR'
ABORT 'NO DIALTONE'
ABORT 'BUSY'
ABORT 'NO ANSWER'
'' \rAT
OK \rATZ
#这里3gnet是联通3g的接入点
OK \rAT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","3gnet",,0,0
#前坑高能 ATDT拨号命令在不同的模块可能有差异 一定注意看手册
OK-AT-OK ATDT*99#
CONNECT \d\c

拨号错误处理

$ cat /etc/ppp/peers/wcdma-chat-disconnect

ABORT "ERROR"
ABORT "NO DIALTONE"
SAY "\nSending break to the modem\n"
'' "\K"
'' "+++ATH"
SAY "\nGoodbay\n"

拨号上网 

$ sudo pppd call wcdma

    abort on (NO CARRIER)
    abort on (ERROR)
    abort on (NO DIALTONE)
    abort on (BUSY)
    abort on (NO ANSWER)
    send (^MAT^M)
    expect (OK)
    AAT^M^M
    OK
    -- got it
    send (^MATZ^M)
    expect (OK)
    ^M
    ATZ^M^M
    OK
    -- got it
    send (^MAT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","3gnet",,0,0^M)
    expect (OK)
    ^M
    AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","3gnet",,0,0^M^M
    OK
    -- got it
    send (ATDT*99#^M)
    expect (CONNECT)
    ^M
    ATDT*99#^M^M
    CONNECT
    -- got it
    send (\d)
    Serial connection established.
    Using interface ppp0
    Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/ttyUSB3
    CHAP authentication succeeded
    CHAP authentication succeeded
    Could not determine remote IP address: defaulting to 10.64.64.64
    local  IP address 10.140.231.235
    remote IP address 10.64.64.64
    primary   DNS address 218.104.111.114
    secondary DNS address 218.104.111.122

分配完IP地址的各种配置即拨号成功，也自动添加了 ppp0 接口 

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ ifconfig ppp
ppp0      Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol  
          inet addr:10.140.231.235  P-t-P:10.64.64.64  Mask:255.255.255.255
          UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:5 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:5 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:3 
          RX bytes:55 (55.0 B)  TX bytes:80 (80.0 B)

拨号拿到的 DNS 只是在 /etc/ppp/resolv.conf ，必须链接到全局 DNS 才能域名访问 

pi@raspberrypi:~ $sudo mv /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf.bak
pi@raspberrypi:~ $sudo ln -s /etc/ppp/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ cat /etc/resolv.conf

    nameserver 218.106.127.114
    nameserver 218.104.111.122

另外路由配置也要更改，调整树莓派的默认网关为 ppp 连接的另一端地址 

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo route add default gw 10.64.64.64
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ route -n
Kernel IP routing table
    Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
    0.0.0.0         10.64.64.64     0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 ppp0
    0.0.0.0         192.168.0.1     0.0.0.0         UG    202    0        0 eth0
    0.0.0.0         192.168.0.1     0.0.0.0         UG    303    0        0 wlan0
    10.64.64.64     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.255 UH    0      0        0 ppp0
    192.168.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     202    0        0 eth0
    192.168.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     303    0        0 wlan0

测试

查看公网IP 

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ curl cip.cc
IP    : 113.57.250.187
地址    : 中国  湖北省  武汉市
运营商    : 联通

数据二    : 湖北省武汉市 | 联通

URL    : http://www.cip.cc/113.57.250.187

ping测试 

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ ping sfantree.com -c 4
PING sfantree.com (123.56.22.253) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 123.56.22.253: icmp_seq=1 ttl=50 time=108 ms
64 bytes from 123.56.22.253: icmp_seq=2 ttl=50 time=97.1 ms
64 bytes from 123.56.22.253: icmp_seq=3 ttl=50 time=105 ms
64 bytes from 123.56.22.253: icmp_seq=4 ttl=50 time=144 ms

--- sfantree.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3003ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 97.181/114.013/144.633/18.166 ms

路由跟踪 

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ traceroute sfantree.com
traceroute to sfantree.com (123.56.22.253), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
 1  * * *
 2  * * *
 3  211.91.153.5 (211.91.153.5)  135.674 ms  135.721 ms  135.593 ms
 4  211.91.152.102 (211.91.152.102)  135.521 ms 113.57.249.186 (113.57.249.186)  134.105 ms 211.91.152.138 (211.91.152.138)  143.938 ms
 5  211.91.152.209 (211.91.152.209)  153.055 ms  163.428 ms  153.207 ms
 6  * * *
 7  124.65.194.18 (124.65.194.18)  67.194 ms 124.65.194.22 (124.65.194.22)  76.475 ms 124.65.194.30 (124.65.194.30)  86.204 ms
 8  * * *
 9  61.49.137.14 (61.49.137.14)  79.101 ms  79.579 ms  89.555 ms
10  123.56.34.22 (123.56.34.22)  148.611 ms 123.56.34.6 (123.56.34.6)  129.153 ms 123.56.34.22 (123.56.34.22)  89.278 ms
11  * * *
12  * * 123.56.34.66 (123.56.34.66)  715.710 ms
13  * * *
14  123.56.22.253 (123.56.22.253)  816.901 ms  815.764 ms  817.479 ms

ssh

学校网今天断网了，正好利用树莓派连上云主机更新博客，你能看到这篇文章就说明ssh测试成功…


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