Java 垃圾回收权威指北

alias jflags='java -XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -version'

-verbose:gc
-Xloggc:/data/logs/gc-%t.log
-XX:+PrintGCDetails
-XX:+PrintGCDateStamps
-XX:+PrintGCCause
-XX:+PrintTenuringDistribution
-XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation
-XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=10
-XX:GCLogFileSize=50M
-XX:+PrintPromotionFailure

$ jflags |  grep "Use.*GC"
     bool UseAdaptiveGCBoundary                     = false                               {product}
     bool UseAdaptiveSizeDecayMajorGCCost           = true                                {product}
     bool UseAdaptiveSizePolicyWithSystemGC         = false                               {product}
     bool UseAutoGCSelectPolicy                     = false                               {product}
     bool UseConcMarkSweepGC                        = false                               {product}
     bool UseDynamicNumberOfGCThreads               = false                               {product}
     bool UseG1GC                                   = false                               {product}
     bool UseGCLogFileRotation                      = false                               {product}
     bool UseGCOverheadLimit                        = true                                {product}
     bool UseGCTaskAffinity                         = false                               {product}
     bool UseMaximumCompactionOnSystemGC            = true                                {product}
     bool UseParNewGC                               = false                               {product}
     bool UseParallelGC                             = false                               {product}
     bool UseParallelOldGC                          = false                               {product}
     bool UseSerialGC                               = false                               {product}
java version "1.8.0_172"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_172-b11)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.172-b11, mixed mode)

// hotspot/src/share/vm/runtime/arguments.cpp#set_gc_specific_flags
// Set per-collector flags
if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
  set_parallel_gc_flags();
} else if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) { // Should be done before ParNew check below
  set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags();
} else if (UseParNewGC) {  // Skipped if CMS is set above
  set_parnew_gc_flags();
} else if (UseG1GC) {
  set_g1_gc_flags();
}

package gc;
// 省略 import 语句
public class WhichGC {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            List<GarbageCollectorMXBean> gcMxBeans = ManagementFactory.getGarbageCollectorMXBeans();
            for (GarbageCollectorMXBean gcMxBean : gcMxBeans) {
                System.out.println(gcMxBean.getName());
            }
        } catch (Exception exp) {
            System.err.println(exp);
        }
    }
}

$ java gc.WhichGC  # 两个输出分别表示 young/old 代的 collector
PS Scavenge
PS MarkSweep

$ java -XX:+UseSerialGC gc.WhichGC
Copy
MarkSweepCompact

$ java -XX:+UseParNewGC gc.WhichGC # 注意提示
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: Using the ParNew young collector with the Serial old collector is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release
ParNew
MarkSweepCompact

$ java -XX:+UseParallelGC gc.WhichGC
PS Scavenge
PS MarkSweep # 虽然名为 MarkSweep，但其实现是 mark-sweep-compact

$ java -XX:+UseParallelOldGC gc.WhichGC # 与上面输出一致，不加 flag 时这样同样的输出
PS Scavenge
PS MarkSweep

$ java -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC gc.WhichGC # ParNew 中 Par 表示 parallel，表明采用并行方式收集 young 代
ParNew
ConcurrentMarkSweep  # 注意这里没有 compact 过程，也就是说 CMS 的 old 可能会产生碎片

$ java -XX:+UseG1GC gc.WhichGC
G1 Young Generation
G1 Old Generation

// ParNewGeneration 构造方法
for (uint i1 = 0; i1 < ParallelGCThreads; i1++) {
  ObjToScanQueue *q = new ObjToScanQueue();
  guarantee(q != NULL, "work_queue Allocation failure.");
  _task_queues->register_queue(i1, q);
}
// do_void 方法
while (true) {

  ......
  // We have no local work, attempt to steal from other threads.

  // attempt to steal work from promoted.
  if (task_queues()->steal(par_scan_state()->thread_num(),
                           par_scan_state()->hash_seed(),
                           obj_to_scan)) {
    bool res = work_q->push(obj_to_scan);
    assert(res, "Empty queue should have room for a push.");

    //   if successful, goto Start.
    continue;

    // try global overflow list.
  } else if (par_gen()->take_from_overflow_list(par_scan_state())) {
    continue;
  }
  .......
}

-XX:YoungGenerationSizeIncrement=<Y>
-XX:TenuredGenerationSizeIncrement=<T>
-XX:AdaptiveSizeDecrementScaleFactor=<D>
# 如果增长的增量是 X，那么减少的减量则为 X/D

2018-12-27T22:14:19.006+0800: 5433.841: [GC (Allocation Failure) [PSYoungGen: 606785K->3041K(656896K)] 746943K->143356K(2055168K), 0.0157837 secs] [Times: user=0.03 sys=0.01, real=0.02 secs]
    UseAdaptiveSizePolicy actions to meet  *** reduced footprint ***
                       GC overhead (%)
    Young generation:        0.02         (attempted to shrink)
    Tenured generation:      0.00         (attempted to shrink)
    Tenuring threshold:    (attempted to decrease to balance GC costs) = 1
2018-12-27T22:21:36.581+0800: 5871.417: [GC (Allocation Failure) [PSYoungGen: 615905K->3089K(654848K)] 756220K->143504K(2053120K), 0.0157796 secs] [Times: user=0.02 sys=0.00, real=0.01 secs]
    UseAdaptiveSizePolicy actions to meet  *** reduced footprint ***
                       GC overhead (%)
    Young generation:        0.01         (attempted to shrink)
    Tenured generation:      0.00         (attempted to shrink)
    Tenuring threshold:    (attempted to decrease to balance GC costs) = 1
2018-12-27T22:28:51.669+0800: 6306.505: [GC (Allocation Failure) [PSYoungGen: 615953K->3089K(660992K)] 756368K->143664K(2059264K), 0.0178418 secs] [Times: user=0.03 sys=0.01, real=0.02 secs]
    UseAdaptiveSizePolicy actions to meet  *** reduced footprint ***
                       GC overhead (%)
    Young generation:        0.01         (attempted to shrink)
    Tenured generation:      0.00         (attempted to shrink)
    Tenuring threshold:    (attempted to decrease to balance GC costs) = 1
2018-12-27T22:36:17.738+0800: 6752.573: [GC (Allocation Failure) [PSYoungGen: 624145K->2896K(658944K)] 764720K->143576K(2057216K), 0.0144179 secs] [Times: user=0.02 sys=0.01, real=0.01 secs]
    UseAdaptiveSizePolicy actions to meet  *** reduced footprint ***
                       GC overhead (%)
    Young generation:        0.01         (attempted to shrink)
    Tenured generation:      0.00         (attempted to shrink)
    Tenuring threshold:    (attempted to decrease to balance GC costs) = 1
2018-12-27T22:43:40.208+0800: 7195.043: [GC (Allocation Failure) [PSYoungGen: 623952K->2976K(665088K)] 764632K->143720K(2063360K), 0.0135656 secs] [Times: user=0.03 sys=0.01, real=0.02 secs]
    UseAdaptiveSizePolicy actions to meet  *** reduced footprint ***
                       GC overhead (%)
    Young generation:        0.01         (attempted to shrink)
    Tenured generation:      0.00         (attempted to shrink)
    Tenuring threshold:    (attempted to decrease to balance GC costs) = 1
2018-12-27T22:48:59.110+0800: 7513.945: [GC (Allocation Failure) [PSYoungGen: 632224K->5393K(663040K)] 772968K->146241K(2061312K), 0.0230613 secs] [Times: user=0.05 sys=0.01, real=0.02 secs]
    UseAdaptiveSizePolicy actions to meet  *** reduced footprint ***
                       GC overhead (%)
    Young generation:        0.01         (attempted to shrink)
    Tenured generation:      0.00         (attempted to shrink)
    Tenuring threshold:    (attempted to decrease to balance GC costs) = 1
2018-12-27T22:54:05.871+0800: 7820.706: [GC (Allocation Failure) [PSYoungGen: 634641K->4785K(669696K)] 775489K->147601K(2067968K), 0.0173448 secs] [Times: user=0.04 sys=0.01, real=0.02 secs]
    UseAdaptiveSizePolicy actions to meet  *** reduced footprint ***
                       GC overhead (%)
    Young generation:        0.01         (attempted to shrink)
    Tenured generation:      0.00         (attempted to shrink)
    Tenuring threshold:    (attempted to decrease to balance GC costs) = 1

-XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=60
-XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly

-XX:+PrintGCDetails
-XX:+PrintPromotionFailure
-XX:PrintFLSStatistics=1

592.079: [ParNew (0: promotion failure size = 2698)  (promotion failed): 135865K->134943K(138240K), 0.1433555 secs]
Statistics for BinaryTreeDictionary:
------------------------------------
Total Free Space: 40115394
Max   Chunk Size: 38808526
Number of Blocks: 1360
Av.  Block  Size: 29496
Tree      Height: 22

docker run -d -p 8080:80 gcplot/gcplot