Rust Cargo使用总结

文档列表见： Rust 移动端跨平台复杂图形渲染项目开发系列总结（目录）

Cargo用于组织Rust项目，比直接用rustc编译多个源文件更方便。本文档介绍我们开发过程中用到的Cargo功能与小技巧。完整信息可阅读The Cargo Book。

Cargo使用依赖项目的指定git commit

rev表示要使用的commit id，可简写成前7个字符，因为git commit id前7个字符可算出完整的41个字符值。

[dependencies]
gfx-hal = { version = "0.1.0", git = "https://github.com/gfx-rs/gfx", rev = "bd7f058efe78d7626a1cc6fbc0c1d3702fb6d2e7" }
// 或者写成多行
[dependencies.gfx-hal]
git = "https://github.com/gfx-rs/gfx"
version = "0.1.0" 
rev = "bd7f058efe78d7626a1cc6fbc0c1d3702fb6d2e7"
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git仓库地址需要支持https访问，如果是http需要额外配置，比较麻烦。

引用本地Rust项目

[dependencies]
hello_utils = { path = "hello_utils", version = "0.1.0" }
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path是相对于本项目Cargo.toml文件的被依赖项目的Cargo.toml的位置，填错将找不到文件，且编译报错。详细信息参考 The Cargo Book/specifying-dependencies

测试Rust代码中的Markdown代码段

/// Open the physical device with `count` queues from some active queue family. The family is
    /// the first that both provides the capability `C`, supports at least `count` queues, and for
    /// which `selector` returns true.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # extern crate gfx_backend_empty as empty;
    /// # extern crate gfx_hal as hal;
    /// use hal::General;
    /// # fn main() {
    ///
    /// # let mut adapter: hal::Adapter<empty::Backend> = return;
    /// let (device, queues) = adapter.open_with::<_, General>(1, |_| true).unwrap();
    /// # }
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Return
    ///
    /// Returns the same errors as `open` and `InitializationFailed` if no suitable
    /// queue family could be found.
    pub fn open_with<F, C>(
        &self,
        count: usize,
        selector: F,
    ) -> Result<(B::Device, QueueGroup<B, C>), DeviceCreationError>
    where
        F: Fn(&B::QueueFamily) -> bool,
        C: Capability,
    {
        use queue::QueueFamily;

        let requested_family = self
            .queue_families
            .iter()
            .filter(|family| {
                C::supported_by(family.queue_type())
                    && selector(&family)
                    && count <= family.max_queues()
            })
            .next();

        let priorities = vec![1.0; count];
        let (id, families) = match requested_family {
            Some(family) => (family.id(), [(family, priorities.as_slice())]),
            _ => return Err(DeviceCreationError::InitializationFailed),
        };

        let Gpu { device, mut queues } = self.physical_device.open(&families)?;
        Ok((device, queues.take(id).unwrap()))
    }
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前面 Examples 代码可以用rust-skeptic进行测试，具体做法可阅读 rust-skeptic 文档。