教你用 Python 多线程爬京东商城商品评论（代理ip请阅读上一篇）

最近改进上一篇的爬虫，不爬豆瓣了，改爬一爬京东评论，先放几张图研究看看先。

研究了一下，发现商品的id就是链接.html前面的数字。我们把它复制粘贴下拉

1,对上一篇的代表进行修改和添加

class Spider():
    def __init__(self):
        # score:1为差评；2为中评；3为好评，0为所有评论
        # 这链接是京东jsonp回调的数据，我们要给这链接加上商品id和评论页码。
        self.start_url = 'https://sclub.jd.com/comment/productPageComments.action?callback=fetchJSON_comment98vv30672&productId={}&score=0&sortType=5&page={}&pageSize=10&isShadowSku=0&rid=0&fold=1'
        # 添加一个新的队列
        self.pageQurl = Queue()
        # 上一篇是list，现在是dict
        self.data = dict()
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2，修改上一篇整个 parse_first函数

def parse_first(self):
        if not self.qurl.empty():
            goodsid = self.qurl.get()
            url = self.start_url.format(goodsid,1)
            print('parse_first',url)
            try:
                r = requests.get(url, headers={'User-Agent': random.choice(self.user_agent)},proxies=self.notproxy,verify=False)
                # 编码格式是GBK，不是UTF-8
                r.encoding = 'GBK'
                if r.status_code == 200:
                    # 对回调回来的数据进行处理
                    res = r.text.replace('fetchJSON_comment98vv30672(', '').replace(');', '').replace('false', '0').replace('true','1')
                    res = json.loads(res)
                    lastPage = int(res['maxPage'])
                    # 爬1-5页评论
                    for i in range(lastPage)[1:5]:
                        temp = str(goodsid)+ ',' + str(i)
                        self.pageQurl.put(temp)

                    arr = []
                    for j in res['hotCommentTagStatistics']:
                        arr.append({'name':j['name'],'count':j['count']})

                    self.data[str(goodsid)] = {
                        'hotCommentTagStatistics':arr,
                        'poorCountStr':res['productCommentSummary']['poorCountStr'],
                        'generalCountStr': res['productCommentSummary']['generalCountStr'],
                        'goodCountStr': res['productCommentSummary']['goodCountStr'],
                        'goodRate': res['productCommentSummary']['goodRate'],
                        'comments': []
                    }

                    self.parse_first()
                else:
                    self.first_running = False
                    print('ip被屏蔽')
            except:
                self.first_running = False
                print('代理ip代理失败')
        else:
            self.first_running = False
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3，修改上一篇整个 parse_second函数

def parse_second(self):
        while self.first_running or not self.pageQurl.empty():
            if not self.pageQurl.empty():
                arr = self.pageQurl.get().split(',')
                url = self.start_url.format(arr[0],arr[1])
                print(url)
                try:
                    r = requests.get(url,headers={'User-Agent': random.choice(self.user_agent)},proxies=self.notproxy,verify=False)
                    r.encoding = 'GBK'
                    if r.status_code == 200:
                        res = r.text.replace('fetchJSON_comment98vv30672(', '').replace(');', '').replace('false','0').replace('true', '1')
                        try:
                            res = json.loads(res)
                            for i in res['comments']:
                                images = []
                                videos = []
                                # 记录用户的评论图片与视频
                                if i.get('images'):
                                    for j in i['images']:
                                        images.append({'imgUrl': j['imgUrl']})
                                if i.get('videos'):
                                    for k in i['videos']:
                                        videos.append({'mainUrl': k['mainUrl'], 'remark': k['remark']})
                                # 记录用户的详细数据
                                mydict = {
                                    'referenceName': i['referenceName'],
                                    'content': i['content'],
                                    'creationTime': i['creationTime'],
                                    'score': i['score'],
                                    'userImage': i['userImage'],
                                    'nickname': i['nickname'],
                                    'userLevelName': i['userLevelName'],
                                    'productColor': i['productColor'],
                                    'productSize': i['productSize'],
                                    'userClientShow': i['userClientShow'],
                                    'images': images,
                                    'videos': videos
                                }
                                self.data[arr[0]]['comments'].append(mydict)

                                # 线程随机休眠
                                time.sleep(random.random() * 5)
                        except:
                            print('无法编译成对象',res)
                except Exception as e:
                    print('获取失败',str(e))
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4，修改一部分run函数，

@run_time
    def run(self):
        # 爬京东商品的ID，用数组对它们进行存放
        goodslist = ['6784500','31426982482','7694047']
        for i in goodslist:
            self.qurl.put(i)

        ths = []
        th1 = Thread(target=self.parse_first, args=())
        th1.start()
        ths.append(th1)

        for _ in range(self.thread_num):
            th = Thread(target=self.parse_second)
            th.start()
            ths.append(th)

        for th in ths:
            # 等待线程终止
            th.join()

        s = json.dumps(self.data, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
        with open('jdComment.json', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write(s)

        print('Data crawling is finished.')
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