CentOS 7.5下搭建高可用的FastDFS分布式文件系统

FastDFS是一个开源的轻量级分布式文件系统，由跟踪服务器（tracker server）、存储服务器（storage server）和客户端（client）三个部分组成，主要解决了海量数据存储问题，特别适合以中小文件（建议范围：4KB < file_size <500MB）为载体的在线服务。

（1）每次上传文件后都会返回一个地址，用户需要自己保存此地址。

（2）为了支持大容量，存储节点（服务器）采用了分卷（或分组）的组织方式。存储系统由一个或多个卷组成，卷与卷之间的文件是相互独立的，所有卷的文件容量累加就是整个存储系统中的文件容量。一个卷可以由一台或多台存储服务器组成，一个卷下的存储服务器中的文件都是相同的，卷中的多台存储服务器起到了冗余备份和负载均衡的作用。

配置环境：

CentOS 7.5 x 64

tracker server: 192.168.5.71（tracker暂时一台，后续再添加一台做nginx+keepalived高可用）

storage server: 192.168.5.72 192.168.5.73（group1）

storage server: 192.168.5.74 192.168.5.75（group2）

#hosts文件配置

cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.5.71 storage71.blufly.com storage71
192.168.5.72 storage72.blufly.com storage72
192.168.5.73 storage73.blufly.com storage73
192.168.5.74 storage74.blufly.com storage74
192.168.5.75 storage75.blufly.com storage75
EOF

###---------------------- 安装配置tracker server ---------------------------###

yum -y install gcc-c++ libevent

#先安装libfastcommon

cd /opt
git clone https://github.com/happyfish100/libfastcommon.git
cd libfastcommon/
./make.sh
./make.sh install

#安装fastdfs:

cd /opt
git clone https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs.git
cd fastdfs
./make.sh
./make.sh install

#配置文件解释：

tracker.conf //负责均衡调度服务器配置文件
client.conf //客户端上传配置文件
http.conf //http服务器配置文件
storage.conf//文件存储服务器配置文件
mime.types //文件类型配置文件

#修改tracker server的配置文件

cp /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
vi /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
bind_addr= 改为 bind_addr=192.168.25.204
base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 改为 base_path=/data/fastdfs
http.server_port=8080 改为 http.server_port=80

#启动tracker server

mkdir -p /data/fastdfs
/etc/init.d/fdfs_trackerd start
[root@storage71 fastdfs]# netstat -tnlp|grep fdfs
tcp        0      0 192.168.5.71:22122      0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      11631/fdfs_trackerd

#开机启动

/sbin/chkconfig --add fdfs_trackerd
/sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 fdfs_trackerd on

###--------------------------- 安装配置storage server ----------------------###

yum -y install gcc-c++ libevent

#先安装libfastcommon

cd /opt
git clone https://github.com/happyfish100/libfastcommon.git
cd libfastcommon/
./make.sh
./make.sh install

#安装fastdfs:

cd /opt
git clone https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs.git
cd fastdfs
./make.sh
./make.sh install

#配置storage server

cp /etc/fdfs/storage.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
#修改storage server的配置文件：
vm /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
bind_addr= 改为 bind_addr=192.168.5.72
#base_path需要和tracker部分的base_path保持一致，如果有修改过tracker的
base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 改为 base_path=/data/fastdfs
#修改storage的资源存放路径
store_path0=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 改为 store_path0=/data/fastdfs
#如果有多个挂载磁盘则定义多个store_path，如下
#store_path1=......
#store_path2=......
修改storage的对应的tracker_server的ip地址和端口
tracker_server=192.168.209.121:22122 改为 tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122
#如果有多个则配置多个tracker_server
#tracker_server=......
#tracker_server=......
http.server_port=8888 改为 http.server_port=80

#创建数据目录，并启动storage server

mkdir -p /data/fastdfs
/etc/init.d/fdfs_storaged start
[root@storage72 fastdfs]# netstat -tnlp|grep fdfs
tcp        0      0 192.168.5.72:23000      0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      11624/fdfs_storaged

#开机启动

/sbin/chkconfig --add fdfs_storaged
/sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 fdfs_storaged on

#查看tracker和storage的链接情况

[root@storage71 ~]# netstat -tnlpa|grep 22122
tcp        0      0 192.168.5.71:22122      0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      11631/fdfs_trackerd 
tcp        0      0 192.168.5.71:22122      192.168.5.72:63755      ESTABLISHED 11631/fdfs_trackerd 
tcp        0      0 192.168.5.71:22122      192.168.5.73:47697      ESTABLISHED 11631/fdfs_trackerd

#在tracker server上配置客户端上传文件

[root@storage71 fastdfs]# cp /etc/fdfs/client.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/client.conf
vim /etc/fdfs/client.conf
#base_path需要和tracker部分的base_path保持一致
base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 
改为 base_path=/data/fastdfs
tracker_server=192.168.0.197:22122
改为
tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122

#上传个文件，如果上传成功，会返回一个url，我们记住这个url，后面安装了nginx就可以通URL来访问上传的这个文件

[root@storage71 fastdfs]# /usr/bin/fdfs_test /etc/fdfs/client.conf upload /root/test.jpg
group_name=group1, ip_addr=192.168.5.72, port=23000
storage_upload_by_filename
group_name=group1, remote_filename=M00/00/00/wKgFSFvAem6AfpJXAAA2FXv_nRs556.jpg
source ip address: 192.168.5.72
file timestamp=2018-10-12 18:41:50
file size=13845
file crc32=2080349467
example file url: http://192.168.5.72/group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvAem6AfpJXAAA2FXv_nRs556.jpg
storage_upload_slave_by_filename
group_name=group1, remote_filename=M00/00/00/wKgFSFvAem6AfpJXAAA2FXv_nRs556_big.jpg
source ip address: 192.168.5.72
file timestamp=2018-10-12 18:41:51
file size=13845
file crc32=2080349467
example file url: http://192.168.5.72/group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvAem6AfpJXAAA2FXv_nRs556_big.jpg

通过客户端连接并上传文件：

#上传"/etc/passwd"文件到fastdfs服务器:
# fdfs_upload_file  /etc/fdfs/client.conf /etc/passwd
   
下载刚才上传的文件：
# fdfs_download_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvBpdSAB33ZAAI8IU3BQ48068.jpg

查看文件属性：
# fdfs_file_info /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvBpdSAB33ZAAI8IU3BQ48068.jpg

删除上传的文件：
# fdfs_delete_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvBpdSAB33ZAAI8IU3BQ48068.jpg
# fdfs_delete_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/wKgFSFvBtTuAGz2VAAAJHTkxfCU312.txt

监控fastdfs的状态:
# fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/client.conf

###------------------- 在storage server上安装nginx -------------------------###

#安装nginx关于fastdfs集合的扩展模块，注意这个模块nginx默认的编译模块中没有，需手动下载安装

cd /opt
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.15.5.tar.gz
#jemalloc 优化nginx，内存管理
wget https://github.com/jemalloc/jemalloc/releases/download/5.1.0/jemalloc-5.1.0.tar.bz2
wget https://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/pcre-8.42.tar.gz
#nginx缓存清理模块
wget http://labs.frickle.com/files/ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz
git clone https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs-nginx-module.git

yum -y install openssl openssl-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel

tar -jxvf jemalloc-5.1.0.tar.bz2
cd jemalloc-5.1.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jemalloc --libdir=/usr/local/lib
make;make install
echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/local.conf
ldconfig
cd ../
/usr/sbin/groupadd www  
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www -s /sbin/nologin
tar -zxvf pcre-8.42.tar.gz
tar -zxvf ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.15.5.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.15.5
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--with-pcre=/opt/pcre-8.42 \
--user=www \
--group=www \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-ld-opt="-ljemalloc" \
--with-http_realip_module \
--add-module=/opt/fastdfs-nginx-module/src \
--add-module=/opt/ngx_cache_purge-2.3
make;make install

#修改mod_fastdfs配置文件

cp /opt/fastdfs-nginx-module/src/mod_fastdfs.conf /etc/fdfs/
cd /opt/fastdfs/conf/     #进入fastdfs安装包文件夹
cp anti-steal.jpg http.conf mime.types /etc/fdfs/
vi /etc/fdfs/mod_fastdfs.conf
base_path=/tmp 改为 base_path=/data/fastdfs
tracker_server=tracker:22122 改为 tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122
store_path0=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 改为 store_path0=/data/fastdfs
url_have_group_name = false 改为 true

#配置nginx

server {
listen 80;
server_name 192.168.5.72;
location /group1/M00 {
ngx_fastdfs_module;
}
}

#添加nginx启动脚本

cat >> /etc/init.d/nginx <<EOF
#! /bin/sh
ulimit -n 65535
# Description: Startup script for nginx
# chkconfig: 2345 55 25
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DESC="nginx daemon"
NAME=nginx
DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/$NAME
CONFIGFILE=/usr/local/nginx/conf/$NAME.conf
PIDFILE=/usr/local/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
 
set -e
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0
do_start() {
 $DAEMON -c $CONFIGFILE || echo -n "nginx already running"
}
do_stop() {
 kill -INT `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n "nginx not running"
}
do_reload() {
 kill -HUP `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n "nginx can't reload"
} 
case "$1" in
 start)
 echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME"
 do_start
 echo "."
 ;;
 stop)
 echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME"
 do_stop
 echo "."
 ;;
 reload|graceful)
 echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration..."
 do_reload
 echo "."
 ;;
 restart)
 echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"
 do_stop
 do_start
 echo "."
 ;;
 *)
 echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload|restart}" >&2
 exit 3
 ;;
esac
exit 0
EOF

#将nginx添加到启动服务中

chmod 700 /etc/init.d/nginx
/sbin/chkconfig --add nginx
/sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 nginx on

#启动nginx

[root@storage72 opt]# /etc/init.d/nginx start
Starting nginx daemon: nginxngx_http_fastdfs_set pid=21702

#查看jemalloc内存管理

lsof -n | grep jemalloc

###------------------ tracker server端做nginx反向代理 ----------------------###

#nginx.conf配置

    upstream fdfs_group1 {
server 192.168.5.72 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 192.168.5.73 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
    }
    server {
listen       80;
server_name  192.168.5.71;
location /group1/M00 {
proxy_pass http://fdfs_group1;
        }
    }

###---------------------------- PHP客户端配置 ------------------------------###

#首先客户端要安装LNMP环境或者LANMP环境

#因为 php 的客户端安装也会依赖fastdfs本身的一些库文件，所以要安装fastdfs

cd /opt/fastdfs/php_client
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make;make install

cat fastdfs_client.ini >> /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

#配置fastDFS的client.conf

mkdir -p /data/fastdfs
cp /etc/fdfs/client.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/client.conf
vi /etc/fdfs/client.conf
base_path=/data/fastfds
tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122  
http.tracker_server_port=80

#重新加载php

service php-fpm reload

#验证模块是否被正常加载

/usr/local/php/bin/php -m | grep fastdfs_client

#通过http上传测试

cat test.php

<html>
<body>
 
<form action="upload.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <label for="file">Filename:</label>
    <input type="file" name="upFile" id="upFile" /> 
    <br />
    <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>
 
</body>
</html>

cat upload.php

<?php
header('Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8'); 
//上传附件
function uploadAttach()                                                                            
{/*{{{*/                                                                                                  
    $ret = array();
    $ret['errorcode'] = 0;
    $ret['errormsg'] = '';
    if(!$_FILES || false == isset($_FILES["upFile"]))
    {
        $ret['errorcode'] = 1;
        $ret['errormsg'] = "ERROR:upFile is not set";
        return $ret;
    }
 
    $file = $_FILES["upFile"];
    if (false == isset($file['tmp_name']) || false == is_file($file['tmp_name']))
    {
        $ret['errorcode'] = 2;
        $ret['errormsg'] = "tmp_name is not file";
        return $ret;
    }
    if (0 == filesize($file['tmp_name']))
    {
        $ret['errorcode'] = 3;
        $ret['errormsg'] = "tmp_name filesize is 0";
        return $ret;
    }
 
    $curlFile = new CurlFile($file['tmp_name'], $file['type'], $file['name']);  
    $fileSuffix = getSuffix($curlFile->getPostFilename());                                              
    
    $ret['file'] = $file;
    $ret['fileId'] = uploadToFastdfs($curlFile, $fileSuffix);                                                        
    return $ret;
}/*}}}*/                                                                                                  
 
//获取后缀
 function getSuffix($fileName) 
 {/*{{{*/
     preg_match('/\.(\w+)?$/', $fileName, $matchs);
     return isset($matchs[1])?$matchs[1]:'';
 }/*}}}*/
 
//上传文件到fastdfs
function uploadToFastdfs(CurlFile $file, $fileSuffix)                                                  
{/*{{{*/                                                                                                  
    $fdfs = new FastDFS(); 
    $tracker = $fdfs->tracker_get_connection();  
    $fileId = $fdfs->storage_upload_by_filebuff1(file_get_contents($file->getFilename()), $fileSuffix);  
    $fdfs->tracker_close_all_connections();    
    return $fileId;
}/*}}}*/                                                                                                  
 
function start()
{
    $ret = uploadAttach();  
    print_r($ret);
}
start();
?>

#通过php脚本上传测试

echo "php client is here." > /opt/upload.txt

cat test.php

<?php
var_dump(function_exists('fastdfs_storage_upload_by_filename'));
$ret = fastdfs_storage_upload_by_filename('/opt/upload.txt');
var_dump($ret);
?>

#执行php脚本

/usr/local/php/bin/php test.php

###------------------------- storage server宕机测试 ------------------------###

#先关闭storage73

#通过tracker可以看到storage73已经不在线了

#然后通过客户端上传一张图片

#上传的图片可以正常访问

#重启storage73看上传的图片有没有同步过来

###--------------------------- 横向扩容，增加group2 ------------------------###

#添加一组storage server: 192.168.5.74 192.168.5.75（group2）

#分别安装fastdfs、nginx、fastdfs-nginx-module

#修改group2成员的storage.conf（192.168.5.74 192.168.5.75）

cp /etc/fdfs/storage.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/storage.conf

#修改storage server的配置文件：

vi /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
group_name=group2
bind_addr=192.168.5.74
base_path=/data/fastdfs
store_path0=/data/fastdfs
tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122
http.server_port=80

#创建数据目录，并启动storage server

mkdir -p /data/fastdfs
/etc/init.d/fdfs_storaged start

#开机启动

/sbin/chkconfig --add fdfs_storaged
/sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 fdfs_storaged on

#修改所有storage server的mod_fastdfs.conf配置文件

vi /etc/fdfs/mod_fastdfs.conf
base_path=/data/fastdfs
tracker_server=192.168.5.71:22122
store_path0=/data/fastdfs
url_have_group_name = true
group_name=group1/group2  # 所有组名
group_count = 2  # 组的总数

# 把所有组和目录都添加上
[group1]
group_name=group1
storage_server_port=23000
store_path_count=1
store_path0=/data/fastdfs

[group2]
group_name=group2
storage_server_port=23000
store_path_count=1
store_path0=/data/fastdfs

#在所有storage机器上，创建所有组的store_path目录

mkdir -p /data/fastdfs

#修改所有storage server的nginx配置文件

server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location ~/group([0-9])/M00/{
ngx_fastdfs_module;
}
}

#重启storage server的nginx

/etc/init.d/nginx restart

#修改tracker server的反向代理

user  www www;
worker_processes  8;
error_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log  crit; 
pid        /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid; 
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; 
#工作模式及连接数上限 
events {
worker_connections  65535;
}
http {
include       mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;
#log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
#                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
#                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log  logs/access.log  main;
sendfile        off;
tcp_nopush     on;
keepalive_timeout  300;
#nginx跟后端服务器连接超时时间(代理连接超时)
proxy_connect_timeout 300s; 
#连接成功后，后端服务器响应时间(代理接收超时)
proxy_read_timeout 300s; 
proxy_send_timeout 300s; 
#设置代理服务器（nginx）保存用户头信息的缓冲区大小
proxy_buffer_size 64k;
#proxy_buffers缓冲区，网页平均在32k以下的话，这样设置
proxy_buffers 4 32k;
#高负荷下缓冲大小（proxy_buffers*2）
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; 
#设定缓存文件夹大小，大于这个值，将从upstream服务器传递请求，而不缓冲到磁盘
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; 
#不允许代理端主动关闭连接
proxy_ignore_client_abort on;
proxy_cache_path /data/cache1 levels=1:2 keys_zone=fastdfs_cache:200m inactive=1d max_size=20g;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 128k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 128k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length  1k;
gzip_buffers     4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#nginx cache命中率统计日志
log_format  cachelog  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                  '$status "$http_referer" '
                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for" '
                  '"$upstream_cache_status" $body_bytes_sent';
#设置 group1 的服务器
upstream fdfs_group1 {
server 192.168.5.72 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 192.168.5.73 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
}
#设置 group2 的服务器
upstream fdfs_group2 {
server 192.168.5.74 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 192.168.5.75 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
#设置 group 的负载均衡参数
location /group1/M00 {
proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
proxy_cache fastdfs_cache;
proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h;
proxy_cache_key $uri$is_args$args;
proxy_pass http://fdfs_group1;
expires 30d;
}
location /group2/M00 {
proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header; 
proxy_cache fastdfs_cache;
proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h;
proxy_cache_key $uri$is_args$args;
proxy_pass http://fdfs_group2;
expires 30d;
}
#设置清除缓存的访问权限
location ~/purge(/.*) {
allow 127.0.0.1;
allow 192.168.5.0/24;
deny all;
proxy_cache_purge http-cache $1$is_args$args;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}

#fastdfs状态监控

[root@storage71 /]# fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/client.conf
server_count=1, server_index=0
tracker server is 192.168.5.71:22122
group count: 2
Group 1:
group name = group1
        Storage 1:
                id = 192.168.5.72
                ip_addr = 192.168.5.72 (storage72.blufly.com)  ACTIV
        Storage 2:
                id = 192.168.5.73
                ip_addr = 192.168.5.73 (storage73.blufly.com)  WAIT_SYNC
Group 2:
group name = group2
        Storage 1:
                id = 192.168.5.74
                ip_addr = 192.168.5.74 (storage74.blufly.com) ACTIVE
        Storage 2:
                id = 192.168.5.75
                ip_addr = 192.168.5.75 (storage75.blufly.com)  WAIT_SYNC

#上传图片测试

#fastdfs的storage server的状态查询

#FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS：INIT:初始化，尚未得到同步已有数据的源服务器
#FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS：WAIT_SYNC:等待同步，已得到同步已有数据的源服务器
#FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS：SYNCING:同步中
#FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS：DELETED:已删除，该服务器从本组中摘除
#FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS：OFFLINE:离线
#FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS：ONLINE:在线，尚不能提供服务
#FDFS_STORAGE_STATUS：ACTIVE:在线，可以提供服务