Golang高效地拷贝big.Int

可以选择的方法

拷贝Bytes

思想：

序列化成[]bytes，然后拷贝

func BenchmarkBigIntCopyBytes(b *testing.B) {
    b.ReportAllocs()

    old, _ := new(big.Int).SetString("100000000222222222222222222220000000000000000000", 10)
    new := new(big.Int)
    for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
        new.SetBytes(old.Bytes())
    }
}

反射赋值

思想：

通过反射赋值

func BenchmarkBigIntCopier(b *testing.B) {
    b.ReportAllocs()

    old, _ := new(big.Int).SetString("100000000222222222222222222220000000000000000000", 10)
    new := new(big.Int)
    for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
        // "github.com/jinzhu/copier"
        copier.Copy(new, old)
    }

}

copier 内部实现使用了 reflect 。

+0

思想

new = old = old + 0

func TestCopyByAdd(t *testing.T) {
    old, _ := new(big.Int).SetString("100000000222222222222222222220000000000000000000", 10)

    new := new(big.Int)
    // new = old = old + 0
    new.Add(old, new)
    if old.Cmp(new) != 0 {
        t.FailNow()
    }

    new.Add(new, big.NewInt(1))
    t.Logf("old:%v,new:%v", old, new)
    if old.Cmp(new) >= 0 {
        t.FailNow()
    }
}

Benchmark测试

func BenchmarkBigIntCopyByAdd(b *testing.B) {
    b.ReportAllocs()

    old, _ := new(big.Int).SetString("100000000222222222222222222220000000000000000000", 10)
    new := new(big.Int)
    for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
        // new = old = old + 0
        new.Add(old, new)
    }
}

性能对比

big.Int = 10

BenchmarkBigIntCopier-8     30000000            62.5 ns/op         0 B/op          0 allocs/op
BenchmarkBigIntCopyBytes-8      30000000            46.7 ns/op         8 B/op          1 allocs/op
BenchmarkBigIntCopyByAdd-8      100000000           20.8 ns/op         0 B/op          0 allocs/op

big.Int = 100000000222222222222222222220000000000000000000

BenchmarkBigIntCopier-8     30000000            60.8 ns/op         0 B/op          0 allocs/op
BenchmarkBigIntCopyBytes-8      20000000            69.1 ns/op        32 B/op          1 allocs/op
BenchmarkBigIntCopyByAdd-8      100000000           22.1 ns/op         0 B/op          0 allocs/op

比较两次运行的结果，发现：

• BenchmarkBigIntCopyBytes 有额外的内存分配，其它两个方法则没有
• 当 big.Int 值变大时， BenchmarkBigIntCopyBytes 分配的内存增加，性能变差，结果 BenchmarkBigIntCopier 接近，甚至还差一点
• BenchmarkBigIntCopyByAdd 是性能最好的，没有额外的内存分配，且耗时稳定

结论

BenchmarkBigIntCopyByAdd 是最好的选择。