内容简介：[TOC]可用的kubernetes，版本1.11.1可用的Ceph集群，版本luminous
Kubernetes使用Ceph动态卷部署应用
[TOC]
1. 环境准备
可用的kubernetes，版本1.11.1
可用的Ceph集群，版本luminous
Ceph monitor节点：lab1、lab2、lab3
# k8s 192.168.105.92 lab1 # master1 192.168.105.93 lab2 # master2 192.168.105.94 lab3 # master3 192.168.105.95 lab4 # node4 192.168.105.96 lab5 # node5 192.168.105.97 lab6 # node6 192.168.105.98 lab7 # node7
GO语言环境和kubernetes-incubator/external-storage源码
yum install -y golang mkdir -p $HOME/go/src/github.com/kubernetes-incubator cat >>$HOME/.bash_profile<<EOF export GOROOT=/usr/lib/golang export GOPATH=\$HOME/go EOF cd $HOME/go/src/github.com/kubernetes-incubator git clone https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage.git
私有 docker 仓库Harbor帐户生成secret添加至k8s
kubectl create secret docker-registry 97registrykey --docker-server=192.168.105.97 --docker-username=k8s --docker-password='PWD' docker login 192.168.105.97 # 提前登录，避免后续docker push失败
2. CephFS方式创建pvc
2.1 编译并上传docker image
cd $HOME/go/src/github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage/ceph/cephfs
准备docker image的yum源文件：
vim epel-7.repo
[epel] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/$basearch failovermethod=priority enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 [epel-debuginfo] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Debug baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/$basearch/debug failovermethod=priority enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 gpgcheck=0 [epel-source] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Source baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/SRPMS failovermethod=priority enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 gpgcheck=0
vim ceph.repo
[Ceph] name=Ceph packages for $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-luminous/el7/$basearch enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 type=rpm-md gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/keys/release.asc [Ceph-noarch] name=Ceph noarch packages baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-luminous/el7/noarch enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 type=rpm-md gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/keys/release.asc [ceph-source] name=Ceph source packages baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-luminous/el7/SRPMS enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 type=rpm-md gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/keys/release.asc
修改 Makefile
中的docker仓库地址
vim Makefile
修改内容：
ifeq ($(REGISTRY),)
REGISTRY = 192.168.105.97/pub/
endif
vim Dockerfile
修改内容：
FROM centos:7 ENV CEPH_VERSION "luminous" # 修改成ceph版本 COPY epel-7.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/ # 前面准备的yum源文件 COPY ceph.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/ RUN rpm --import 'https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/keys/release.asc' && \ yum install -y ceph-common python-cephfs && \ yum clean all
编译并上传image至docker仓库
make # 编译生成provisioner make push # 生成docker image并上传至docker仓库
2.2 创建Ceph admin secret
# 方法一 ceph auth get-key client.admin > /tmp/secret kubectl create namespace ceph kubectl create secret generic ceph-admin-secret --from-file=/tmp/secret --namespace=kube-system
2.2 启动CephFS provisioner
修改image地址：
cd $HOME/go/src/github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage/ceph/cephfs/deploy vim rbac/deployment.yaml
spec:
imagePullSecrets: # 添加k8s使用docker pull时的secret
- name: 97registrykey
containers:
- name: cephfs-provisioner
image: "192.168.105.97/pub/cephfs-provisioner:latest" # 替换成私有image
部署启动
NAMESPACE=ceph # change this if you want to deploy it in another namespace sed -r -i "s/namespace: [^ ]+/namespace: $NAMESPACE/g" ./rbac/*.yaml kubectl -n $NAMESPACE apply -f ./rbac
2.3 创建动态卷和应用
cd /tmp
修改Ceph集群的monitor节点的IP，我的环境修改如下：
vim cephfs-class.yaml
kind: StorageClass
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: cephfs
provisioner: ceph.com/cephfs
parameters:
monitors: 192.168.105.92:6789,192.168.105.93:6789,192.168.105.94:6789
adminId: admin
adminSecretName: ceph-admin-secret
adminSecretNamespace: "kube-system"
claimRoot: /volumes/kubernetes
vim cephfs-claim.yaml
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: cephfs-pv-claim2
annotations:
volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class: "cephfs"
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 2Gi
vim cephfs-nginx-dy.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-cephfs-dy
spec:
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
name: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- containerPort: 80
volumeMounts:
- name: ceph-cephfs-volume
mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"
volumes:
- name: ceph-cephfs-volume
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: cephfs-pv-claim2
kubectl create -f cephfs-class.yaml kubectl create -f cephfs-claim.yaml # kubectl logs -f cephfs-provisioner-968b56c67-vgln7 -n ceph # 等待上面日志出现成功结果再执行 # 成功日志类似：ProvisioningSucceeded' Successfully provisioned volume kubectl create -f cephfs-nginx-dy.yaml
验证结果：
[root@lab1 example]# kubectl get pvc NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES STORAGECLASS AGE cephfs-pv-claim1 Bound cephfs-pv1 1Gi RWX 19h cephfs-pv-claim2 Bound pvc-b535d9b6-a5b7-11e8-b4fa-000c2931d938 2Gi RWX cephfs 33m rbd-pv-claim1 Bound rbd-pv1 2Gi RWO 17h [root@lab1 example]# kubectl get pod NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE curl-87b54756-zkp68 1/1 Running 0 17h nginx-cephfs-7777495b9b-wshjh 1/1 Running 0 17h nginx-cephfs-dy-86bdbfd977-zwqrb 1/1 Running 0 53s nginx-deployment-7f46fc97b9-qmttl 1/1 Running 2 1d nginx-deployment-7f46fc97b9-wg76n 1/1 Running 0 17h nginx-rbd-6b555f58c9-nhnmh 1/1 Running 0 17h rbd-provisioner-6cd6577964-cbn6v 1/1 Running 0 20h [root@lab1 example]# kubectl exec -it nginx-cephfs-dy-86bdbfd977-zwqrb -- df -h|grep nginx 192.168.105.92:6789,192.168.105.93:6789,192.168.105.94:6789:/volumes/kubernetes/kubernetes/kubernetes-dynamic-pvc-24ba8f39-a5bc-11e8-a66c-0a580af4058e 1.6T 19G 1.6T 2% /usr/share/nginx/html
3. RBD方式创建pvc
3.1 编译并上传docker image
同上文，略
3.2 创建Ceph admin secret
# 方法二
ceph auth get client.admin 2>&1 |grep "key = " |awk '{print $3'} |xargs echo -n > /tmp/secret
kubectl create secret generic ceph-admin-secret --from-file=/tmp/secret --namespace=kube-system
3.3 创建Ceph pool 和user secret
ceph osd pool create kube 128 128 ceph auth add client.kube mon 'allow r' osd 'allow rwx pool=kube' ceph auth get-key client.kube > /tmp/kube.secret kubectl create secret generic ceph-secret --from-file=/tmp/kube.secret --namespace=kube-system
2.2 启动Ceph rbd provisioner
修改image地址：
cd $HOME/go/src/github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage/ceph/rbd/deploy vim rbac/deployment.yaml
spec:
imagePullSecrets: # 添加k8s使用docker pull时的secret
- name: 97registrykey
containers:
- name: cephfs-provisioner
image: "192.168.105.97/pub/rbd-provisioner:latest" # 替换成私有image
部署启动
cd $HOME/go/src/github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage/ceph/rbd/deploy NAMESPACE=ceph # change this if you want to deploy it in another namespace sed -r -i "s/namespace: [^ ]+/namespace: $NAMESPACE/g" ./rbac/clusterrolebinding.yaml ./rbac/rolebinding.yaml kubectl -n $NAMESPACE apply -f ./rbac
3.4 创建动态卷和应用
cd /tmp
vim rbd-class.yaml
kind: StorageClass apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1 metadata: name: ceph-rbd provisioner: ceph.com/rbd #provisioner: kubernetes.io/rbd parameters: #monitors: 192.168.105.92:6789,192.168.105.93:6789,192.168.105.94:6789 monitors: ceph-mon-1.ceph.svc.cluster.local.:6789,ceph-mon-2.ceph.svc.cluster.local.:6789,ceph-mon-3.ceph.svc.cluster.local.:6789 # 为什么使用这个域名，请看下文4.2 pool: kube adminId: admin #adminSecretNamespace: kube-system adminSecretName: ceph-admin-secret userId: kube userSecretNamespace: kube-system userSecretName: ceph-secret fsType: ext4 imageFormat: "2" imageFeatures: layering
vim rbd-claim.yaml
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: rbd-pv-claim2
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
storageClassName: ceph-rbd
resources:
requests:
storage: 1Gi
vim rbd-nginx-dy.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-rbd-dy
spec:
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
name: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- containerPort: 80
volumeMounts:
- name: ceph-cephfs-volume
mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"
volumes:
- name: ceph-cephfs-volume
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: rbd-pv-claim2
kubectl create -f rbd-class.yaml kubectl create -f rbd-claim.yaml kubectl create -f rbd-nginx-dy.yaml
结果验证：
[root@lab1 examples]# kubectl get pvc NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES STORAGECLASS AGE cephfs-pv-claim1 Bound cephfs-pv1 1Gi RWX 1d cephfs-pv-claim2 Bound pvc-b535d9b6-a5b7-11e8-b4fa-000c2931d938 2Gi RWX cephfs 23h rbd-pv-claim1 Bound rbd-pv1 2Gi RWO 1d rbd-pv-claim2 Bound pvc-3780c9bb-a67e-11e8-a720-000c293d66a5 1Gi RWO ceph-rbd 1m [root@lab1 examples]# kubectl get pod NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE curl-87b54756-zkp68 1/1 Running 0 1d nginx-cephfs-7777495b9b-wshjh 1/1 Running 0 1d nginx-cephfs-dy-86bdbfd977-zwqrb 1/1 Running 0 23h nginx-deployment-7f46fc97b9-qmttl 1/1 Running 2 2d nginx-deployment-7f46fc97b9-wg76n 1/1 Running 0 1d nginx-rbd-6b555f58c9-nhnmh 1/1 Running 0 1d nginx-rbd-dy-5fdb49fc9b-8jdkh 1/1 Running 0 1m [root@lab1 examples]# kubectl exec -it nginx-rbd-dy-5fdb49fc9b-8jdkh -- df -h|grep nginx /dev/rbd1 976M 2.6M 958M 1% /usr/share/nginx/html
4. 踩坑解决
上文是官方文档操作的正常步骤和结果。但是过程中，踩了几个坑，花了我不少时间。
4.1 cannot get secrets in the namespace "kube-system"
secret和provisioner不在同一个namespace中的话，获取secret权限不够。
使用cephfs和RBD的rbac都报了这个错。
E0820 09:41:25.984983 1 controller.go:722] error syncing claim "default/claim2": failed to provision volume with StorageClass "rbd": failed to get admin secret from ["kube-system"/"ceph-admin-secret"]: secrets "ceph-admin-secret" is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:default:rbd-provisioner" cannot get secrets in the namespace "kube-system"
I0820 09:41:25.984999 1 event.go:221] Event(v1.ObjectReference{Kind:"PersistentVolumeClaim", Namespace:"default", Name:"claim2", UID:"4a136790-a45a-11e8-ba76-000c29ea3e30", APIVersion:"v1", ResourceVersion:"4557080", FieldPath:""}): type: 'Warning' reason: 'ProvisioningFailed' failed to provision volume with StorageClass "rbd": failed to get admin secret from ["kube-system"/"ceph-admin-secret"]: secrets "ceph-admin-secret" is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:default:rbd-provisioner" cannot get secrets in the namespace "kube-system"
解决之道：
以下文件添加secrets的权限：
external-storage/ceph/cephfs/deploy/rbac/clusterrole.yaml
external-storage/ceph/rbd/deploy/rbac/clusterrole.yaml
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["secrets"]
verbs: ["get", "create", "delete"]
4.2 rbd-provisioner: missing Ceph monitors
源码中，monitors需要k8s dns解析，我这里使用外部ceph，肯定没有相关解析。所以手动添加解析。而且storageclass配置默认不支持直接修改（只能删除再添加），维护解析比维护storageclass配置要好些。
vim rbd-monitor-dns.yaml
kind: Service apiVersion: v1 metadata: name: ceph-mon-1 namespace: ceph spec: type: ExternalName externalName: 192.168.105.92.xip.io --- kind: Service apiVersion: v1 metadata: name: ceph-mon-2 namespace: ceph spec: type: ExternalName externalName: 192.168.105.93.xip.io --- kind: Service apiVersion: v1 metadata: name: ceph-mon-3 namespace: ceph spec: type: ExternalName externalName: 192.168.105.94.xip.io
kubectl create -f rbd-monitor-dns.yaml
[root@lab1 ~]# kubectl get svc -n ceph NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE ceph-mon-1 ExternalName <none> 192.168.105.92.xip.io <none> 5h ceph-mon-2 ExternalName <none> 192.168.105.93.xip.io <none> 5h ceph-mon-3 ExternalName <none> 192.168.105.94.xip.io <none> 5h
5. 小结
CephFS支持ReadWriteOnce、ReadOnlyMany和ReadWriteMany，可以允许多POD同时读写，适用于数据共享场景；Ceph RBD 只支持ReadWriteOnce和ReadOnlyMany，允许多POD同时读，适用于状态应用资源隔离场景。
参考资料：
[1] https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage/tree/master/ceph
[2] https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/storage-classes/
[3] https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes/
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持 码农网
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