使用 rails/jquery-ujs 来编写非侵入式的服务端模板代码
栏目: Ruby on Rails · 发布时间: 6年前
内容简介：项目地址演示 jquery-ujs原理解析：代理表单提交
项目地址 https://github.com/rails/jquery-ujs
在线 demo
演示 jquery-ujs https://mengkang.net/demo/rails/
原理解析：代理表单提交 https://mengkang.net/demo/rails/2.html
原理解析：实现 ajax 提交 https://mengkang.net/demo/rails/3.html
项目中经常看到类似于下面这样的 a 链接的请求，而点击的时候，实际发送的是 ajax 请求，而没有发生跳转。
<a href="/comments/destroy/908/" class="js-comment-destroy" data-remote="true" data-method="post" data-confirm="确定要删除吗?">删除</a>
演示 https://mengkang.net/demo/rails/
原理分析
A 链接实现表单的提交
虽然点击还是跳转，但是通过控制台可以看到，该请求是 post 的方式，我们自定义的 rails 插件给代理了 click 为一个 form 的 post 请求。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="https://static.mengkang.net/view/js/jquery-1.11.3.min.js"></script>
<script>
(function ($) {
'use strict';
var rails;
$.rails = rails = {
linkClickSelector: 'a[data-remote]',
href: function (element) {
return element[0].href;
},
handleMethod: function (link) {
var href = rails.href(link),
method = link.data('method'),
target = link.attr('target'),
form = $('<form method="post" action="' + href + '"></form>'),
metadataInput = '<input name="_method" value="' + method + '" type="hidden" />';
if (target) {
form.attr('target', target);
}
form.hide().append(metadataInput).appendTo('body');
form.submit();
},
};
$(document).on('click.rails', rails.linkClickSelector, function (e) {
var link = $(this);
rails.handleMethod(link);
return false;
});
})(jQuery);
</script>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/comments/destroy/908/" data-remote="false" data-method="post">删除</a>
</body>
</html>
代码演示 https://mengkang.net/demo/rails/2.html
例子中
$(document).on('click.rails', 'a[data-remote]', function (e) {
//...
});
click.rails
中 rails
是命名空间。方便解除该事件。
One or more space-separated event types and optional namespaces, such as "click" or "keydown.myPlugin".
Any event names can be used for the events argument. jQuery will pass through the browser's standard JavaScript event types, calling the handler function when the browser generates events due to user actions such as click. In addition, the .trigger() method can trigger both standard browser event names and custom event names to call attached handlers. Event names should only contain alphanumerics, underscore, and colon characters.
An event name can be qualified by event namespaces that simplify removing or triggering the event. For example, click.myPlugin.simple
defines both the myPlugin and simple namespaces for this particular click event. A click event handler attached via that string could be removed with .off("click.myPlugin")
or .off("click.simple")
without disturbing other click handlers attached to the elements. Namespaces are similar to CSS classes in that they are not hierarchical; only one name needs to match. Namespaces beginning with an underscore are reserved for jQuery's use.
实现 A 链接的 ajax 请求
在上面代码的基础上我们把 data-remote
参数利用上，如果 data-remote
设置为 true
则表示使用 ajax 请求。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="https://static.mengkang.net/view/js/jquery-1.11.3.min.js"></script>
<script>
(function ($) {
'use strict';
var rails;
$.rails = rails = {
linkClickSelector: ' a[data-remote]',
href: function (element) {
return element[0].href;
},
isRemote: function(element) {
return element.data('remote') !== undefined && element.data('remote') !== false;
},
handleMethod: function (link) {
var href = rails.href(link),
method = link.data('method'),
target = link.attr('target'),
form = $('<form method="post" action="' + href + '"></form>'),
metadataInput = '<input name="_method" value="' + method + '" type="hidden" />';
if (target) {
form.attr('target', target);
}
form.hide().append(metadataInput).appendTo('body');
form.submit();
},
handleRemote: function(element) {
var options = {};
options.url = rails.href(element);
options.method = element.data('method');
options.data = element.data('params') || null;
return $.ajax(options);
}
};
$(document).on('click.rails', rails.linkClickSelector, function (e) {
var link = $(this);
if (rails.isRemote(link)) {
rails.handleRemote(link);
}else{
rails.handleMethod(link);
}
return false;
});
})(jQuery);
</script>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/comments/destroy/908/" data-remote="true" data-method="post">删除</a>
</body>
</html>
代码演示 https://mengkang.net/demo/rails/3.html
绑定到 ajax:success 做回调
$document.on('ajax:success', '.js-comment-destroy', function() {
return $(this).closest('.media').remove();
});
这个事件是如何触发的呢？实际是在发送 ajax 里面使用 trigger
来触发。
options = {
success: function(data, status, xhr) {
element.trigger('ajax:success', [data, status, xhr]);
},
complete: function(xhr, status) {
element.trigger('ajax:complete', [xhr, status]);
},
error: function(xhr, status, error) {
element.trigger('ajax:error', [xhr, status, error]);
}
}
options.url = rails.href(element);
options.method = element.data('method');
options.data = element.data('params') || null;
$ajax.(options);
扩展开发 data-done
为了完全非侵入式的 JavaScript 服务端开发，才有了这个需求（反正作为一个服务端渲染的模板，不想又去专门弄前端项目，更愿意直接在模板里修改）
<a href="/comments/destroy/908/"
data-remote="true"
data-method="post"
data-done="$(this).closest('.media').remove()"
>删除</a>
$(document).on('ajax:success', '[data-done]', function(evt, res) {
var $res, $self, self;
self = this;
$self = $(this);
$res = $(res);
if (done) {
(new Function('res', 'r', '$r', done)).call(self, res, res, $res);
}
});
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