python实现求解列表中元素的排列和组合问题

栏目: 编程语言 · Python · 发布时间: 6年前

内容简介：本篇文章给大家分享使用python的内置模块实现求解列表中元素的排列和组合问题，具体实现代码大家参考下本文

 求解列表中元素的排列和组合问题这个问题之前就遇到过几次没有太留意，最近在做题的时候遇上挺多的排列组合问题的，想来有必要温习一下了，今天花点时间写一下，之前都是手工写的，后来知道可以直接使用 python 的内置模块就可以完成这个工作了，今天就使用python的itertools模块来完成这个工作，一共解决四个问题：

1.生成排列，列表中元素不允许重复出现

2.生成排列，列表中元素可以重复出现

3.生成组合,不限元素个数，列表中元素不允许重复出现

4.生成组合,不限元素个数，列表中元素可以重复出现

    因为大家都有排列组合的知识这里就不累赘了，问题很简单，下面看具体的实现：

#!usr/bin/env python 
#encoding:utf-8 
''''' 
__Author__:沂水寒城 
功能：求解列表中元素的排列和组合问题 
''' 
from itertools import product 
from itertools import combinations 
import itertools 
def test_func1(num_list): 
 ''''' 
 生成排列 
 列表中元素不允许重复出现 
 排列数计算为：n！，其中n为num_list列表中元素个数 
 ''' 
 tmp_list = itertools.permutations(num_list) 
 res_list=[] 
 for one in tmp_list: 
  res_list.append(one) 
 print res_list 
 print '元素不允许重复出现排列总数为:', len(res_list) 
def test_func11(num_list): 
 ''''' 
 生成排列 
 列表中元素可以重复出现 
 排列总数计算为：(n*n*n...*n)，一共n个n相乘 
 ''' 
 num=len(num_list) 
 res_list=list(product(num_list,repeat=num)) 
 print res_list 
 print '元素可以重复出现排列总数为:', len(res_list) 
def test_func2(num_list): 
 ''''' 
 生成组合,不限元素个数 
 列表中元素不允许重复出现 
 组合数计算为：2^n，其中n为num_list列表中元素个数 
 ''' 
 res_list=[] 
 for i in range(len(num_list)+1): 
  res_list+=list(combinations(num_list, i)) 
 print res_list 
 print '元素不允许重复出现组合总数为:', len(res_list) 
def test_func22(num_list): 
 ''''' 
 生成组合,不限元素个数 
 列表中元素可以重复出现 
 ''' 
 res_list=[] 
 num_list1=[str(i) for i in num_list] 
 for i in range(0,len(num_list)+1): 
  res_list+=[''.join(x) for x in itertools.product(*[num_list1] * i)] 
 print res_list 
 print '元素可以重复出现组合总数为:', len(res_list) 
if __name__ == '__main__': 
 num_list=[1,2,3,4] 
 test_func1(num_list) 
 print '-------------------------------------' 
 test_func11(num_list) 
 print '-------------------------------------' 
 test_func2(num_list) 
 print '-------------------------------------' 
 test_func22(num_list)

结果如下：

[(1, 2, 3, 4), (1, 2, 4, 3), (1, 3, 2, 4), (1, 3, 4, 2), (1, 4, 2, 3), (1, 4, 3, 2), (2, 1, 3, 4), (2, 1, 4, 3), (2, 3, 1, 4), (2, 3, 4, 1), (2, 4, 1, 3), (2, 4, 3, 1), (3, 1, 2, 4), (3, 1, 4, 2), (3, 2, 1, 4), (3, 2, 4, 1), (3, 4, 1, 2), (3, 4, 2, 1), (4, 1, 2, 3), (4, 1, 3, 2), (4, 2, 1, 3), (4, 2, 3, 1), (4, 3, 1, 2), (4, 3, 2, 1)] 
元素不允许重复出现排列总数为: 24 
------------------------------------- 
[(1, 1, 1, 1), (1, 1, 1, 2), (1, 1, 1, 3), (1, 1, 1, 4), (1, 1, 2, 1), (1, 1, 2, 2), (1, 1, 2, 3), (1, 1, 2, 4), (1, 1, 3, 1), (1, 1, 3, 2), (1, 1, 3, 3), (1, 1, 3, 4), (1, 1, 4, 1), (1, 1, 4, 2), (1, 1, 4, 3), (1, 1, 4, 4), (1, 2, 1, 1), (1, 2, 1, 2), (1, 2, 1, 3), (1, 2, 1, 4), (1, 2, 2, 1), (1, 2, 2, 2), (1, 2, 2, 3), (1, 2, 2, 4), (1, 2, 3, 1), (1, 2, 3, 2), (1, 2, 3, 3), (1, 2, 3, 4), (1, 2, 4, 1), (1, 2, 4, 2), (1, 2, 4, 3), (1, 2, 4, 4), (1, 3, 1, 1), (1, 3, 1, 2), (1, 3, 1, 3), (1, 3, 1, 4), (1, 3, 2, 1), (1, 3, 2, 2), (1, 3, 2, 3), (1, 3, 2, 4), (1, 3, 3, 1), (1, 3, 3, 2), (1, 3, 3, 3), (1, 3, 3, 4), (1, 3, 4, 1), (1, 3, 4, 2), (1, 3, 4, 3), (1, 3, 4, 4), (1, 4, 1, 1), (1, 4, 1, 2), (1, 4, 1, 3), (1, 4, 1, 4), (1, 4, 2, 1), (1, 4, 2, 2), (1, 4, 2, 3), (1, 4, 2, 4), (1, 4, 3, 1), (1, 4, 3, 2), (1, 4, 3, 3), (1, 4, 3, 4), (1, 4, 4, 1), (1, 4, 4, 2), (1, 4, 4, 3), (1, 4, 4, 4), (2, 1, 1, 1), (2, 1, 1, 2), (2, 1, 1, 3), (2, 1, 1, 4), (2, 1, 2, 1), (2, 1, 2, 2), (2, 1, 2, 3), (2, 1, 2, 4), (2, 1, 3, 1), (2, 1, 3, 2), (2, 1, 3, 3), (2, 1, 3, 4), (2, 1, 4, 1), (2, 1, 4, 2), (2, 1, 4, 3), (2, 1, 4, 4), (2, 2, 1, 1), (2, 2, 1, 2), (2, 2, 1, 3), (2, 2, 1, 4), (2, 2, 2, 1), (2, 2, 2, 2), (2, 2, 2, 3), (2, 2, 2, 4), (2, 2, 3, 1), (2, 2, 3, 2), (2, 2, 3, 3), (2, 2, 3, 4), (2, 2, 4, 1), (2, 2, 4, 2), (2, 2, 4, 3), (2, 2, 4, 4), (2, 3, 1, 1), (2, 3, 1, 2), (2, 3, 1, 3), (2, 3, 1, 4), (2, 3, 2, 1), (2, 3, 2, 2), (2, 3, 2, 3), (2, 3, 2, 4), (2, 3, 3, 1), (2, 3, 3, 2), (2, 3, 3, 3), (2, 3, 3, 4), (2, 3, 4, 1), (2, 3, 4, 2), (2, 3, 4, 3), (2, 3, 4, 4), (2, 4, 1, 1), (2, 4, 1, 2), (2, 4, 1, 3), (2, 4, 1, 4), (2, 4, 2, 1), (2, 4, 2, 2), (2, 4, 2, 3), (2, 4, 2, 4), (2, 4, 3, 1), (2, 4, 3, 2), (2, 4, 3, 3), (2, 4, 3, 4), (2, 4, 4, 1), (2, 4, 4, 2), (2, 4, 4, 3), (2, 4, 4, 4), (3, 1, 1, 1), (3, 1, 1, 2), (3, 1, 1, 3), (3, 1, 1, 4), (3, 1, 2, 1), (3, 1, 2, 2), (3, 1, 2, 3), (3, 1, 2, 4), (3, 1, 3, 1), (3, 1, 3, 2), (3, 1, 3, 3), (3, 1, 3, 4), (3, 1, 4, 1), (3, 1, 4, 2), (3, 1, 4, 3), (3, 1, 4, 4), (3, 2, 1, 1), (3, 2, 1, 2), (3, 2, 1, 3), (3, 2, 1, 4), (3, 2, 2, 1), (3, 2, 2, 2), (3, 2, 2, 3), (3, 2, 2, 4), (3, 2, 3, 1), (3, 2, 3, 2), (3, 2, 3, 3), (3, 2, 3, 4), (3, 2, 4, 1), (3, 2, 4, 2), (3, 2, 4, 3), (3, 2, 4, 4), (3, 3, 1, 1), (3, 3, 1, 2), (3, 3, 1, 3), (3, 3, 1, 4), (3, 3, 2, 1), (3, 3, 2, 2), (3, 3, 2, 3), (3, 3, 2, 4), (3, 3, 3, 1), (3, 3, 3, 2), (3, 3, 3, 3), (3, 3, 3, 4), (3, 3, 4, 1), (3, 3, 4, 2), (3, 3, 4, 3), (3, 3, 4, 4), (3, 4, 1, 1), (3, 4, 1, 2), (3, 4, 1, 3), (3, 4, 1, 4), (3, 4, 2, 1), (3, 4, 2, 2), (3, 4, 2, 3), (3, 4, 2, 4), (3, 4, 3, 1), (3, 4, 3, 2), (3, 4, 3, 3), (3, 4, 3, 4), (3, 4, 4, 1), (3, 4, 4, 2), (3, 4, 4, 3), (3, 4, 4, 4), (4, 1, 1, 1), (4, 1, 1, 2), (4, 1, 1, 3), (4, 1, 1, 4), (4, 1, 2, 1), (4, 1, 2, 2), (4, 1, 2, 3), (4, 1, 2, 4), (4, 1, 3, 1), (4, 1, 3, 2), (4, 1, 3, 3), (4, 1, 3, 4), (4, 1, 4, 1), (4, 1, 4, 2), (4, 1, 4, 3), (4, 1, 4, 4), (4, 2, 1, 1), (4, 2, 1, 2), (4, 2, 1, 3), (4, 2, 1, 4), (4, 2, 2, 1), (4, 2, 2, 2), (4, 2, 2, 3), (4, 2, 2, 4), (4, 2, 3, 1), (4, 2, 3, 2), (4, 2, 3, 3), (4, 2, 3, 4), (4, 2, 4, 1), (4, 2, 4, 2), (4, 2, 4, 3), (4, 2, 4, 4), (4, 3, 1, 1), (4, 3, 1, 2), (4, 3, 1, 3), (4, 3, 1, 4), (4, 3, 2, 1), (4, 3, 2, 2), (4, 3, 2, 3), (4, 3, 2, 4), (4, 3, 3, 1), (4, 3, 3, 2), (4, 3, 3, 3), (4, 3, 3, 4), (4, 3, 4, 1), (4, 3, 4, 2), (4, 3, 4, 3), (4, 3, 4, 4), (4, 4, 1, 1), (4, 4, 1, 2), (4, 4, 1, 3), (4, 4, 1, 4), (4, 4, 2, 1), (4, 4, 2, 2), (4, 4, 2, 3), (4, 4, 2, 4), (4, 4, 3, 1), (4, 4, 3, 2), (4, 4, 3, 3), (4, 4, 3, 4), (4, 4, 4, 1), (4, 4, 4, 2), (4, 4, 4, 3), (4, 4, 4, 4)] 
元素可以重复出现排列总数为: 256 
------------------------------------- 
[(), (1,), (2,), (3,), (4,), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 4), (1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 4), (1, 3, 4), (2, 3, 4), (1, 2, 3, 4)] 
元素不允许重复出现组合总数为: 16 
------------------------------------- 
['', '1', '2', '3', '4', '11', '12', '13', '14', '21', '22', '23', '24', '31', '32', '33', '34', '41', '42', '43', '44', '111', '112', '113', '114', '121', '122', '123', '124', '131', '132', '133', '134', '141', '142', '143', '144', '211', '212', '213', '214', '221', '222', '223', '224', '231', '232', '233', '234', '241', '242', '243', '244', '311', '312', '313', '314', '321', '322', '323', '324', '331', '332', '333', '334', '341', '342', '343', '344', '411', '412', '413', '414', '421', '422', '423', '424', '431', '432', '433', '434', '441', '442', '443', '444', '1111', '1112', '1113', '1114', '1121', '1122', '1123', '1124', '1131', '1132', '1133', '1134', '1141', '1142', '1143', '1144', '1211', '1212', '1213', '1214', '1221', '1222', '1223', '1224', '1231', '1232', '1233', '1234', '1241', '1242', '1243', '1244', '1311', '1312', '1313', '1314', '1321', '1322', '1323', '1324', '1331', '1332', '1333', '1334', '1341', '1342', '1343', '1344', '1411', '1412', '1413', '1414', '1421', '1422', '1423', '1424', '1431', '1432', '1433', '1434', '1441', '1442', '1443', '1444', '2111', '2112', '2113', '2114', '2121', '2122', '2123', '2124', '2131', '2132', '2133', '2134', '2141', '2142', '2143', '2144', '2211', '2212', '2213', '2214', '2221', '2222', '2223', '2224', '2231', '2232', '2233', '2234', '2241', '2242', '2243', '2244', '2311', '2312', '2313', '2314', '2321', '2322', '2323', '2324', '2331', '2332', '2333', '2334', '2341', '2342', '2343', '2344', '2411', '2412', '2413', '2414', '2421', '2422', '2423', '2424', '2431', '2432', '2433', '2434', '2441', '2442', '2443', '2444', '3111', '3112', '3113', '3114', '3121', '3122', '3123', '3124', '3131', '3132', '3133', '3134', '3141', '3142', '3143', '3144', '3211', '3212', '3213', '3214', '3221', '3222', '3223', '3224', '3231', '3232', '3233', '3234', '3241', '3242', '3243', '3244', '3311', '3312', '3313', '3314', '3321', '3322', '3323', '3324', '3331', '3332', '3333', '3334', '3341', '3342', '3343', '3344', '3411', '3412', '3413', '3414', '3421', '3422', '3423', '3424', '3431', '3432', '3433', '3434', '3441', '3442', '3443', '3444', '4111', '4112', '4113', '4114', '4121', '4122', '4123', '4124', '4131', '4132', '4133', '4134', '4141', '4142', '4143', '4144', '4211', '4212', '4213', '4214', '4221', '4222', '4223', '4224', '4231', '4232', '4233', '4234', '4241', '4242', '4243', '4244', '4311', '4312', '4313', '4314', '4321', '4322', '4323', '4324', '4331', '4332', '4333', '4334', '4341', '4342', '4343', '4344', '4411', '4412', '4413', '4414', '4421', '4422', '4423', '4424', '4431', '4432', '4433', '4434', '4441', '4442', '4443', '4444'] 
元素可以重复出现组合总数为: 341 
[Finished in 0.4s]

以上所述就是小编给大家介绍的《python实现求解列表中元素的排列和组合问题》，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对 码农网 的支持！

查看所有标签

猜你喜欢:

本站部分资源来源于网络，本站转载出于传递更多信息之目的，版权归原作者或者来源机构所有，如转载稿涉及版权问题，请联系我们。

码农书籍
代码之外的功夫

代码之外的功夫

[美] Gregory T. Brown / 李志 / 人民邮电出版社 / 2018-3-1 / 49.00元

本书虽然面向程序员，却不包含代码。在作者看来，90%的程序设计工作都不需要写代码；程序员不只是编程专家，其核心竞争力是利用代码这一工具解决人类社会的常见问题。以此作为出发点，作者精心构思了8个故事，以情景代入的方式邀请读者思考代码之外的关键问题：软件开发工作如何从以技术为中心转为以人为本？透过故事主人公的视角，读者能比较自己与书中角色的差异，发现决策过程的瑕疵，提升解决问题的综合能力。 书中......一起来看看 《代码之外的功夫》 这本书的介绍吧!

码农工具
RGB转16进制工具
RGB转16进制工具

RGB HEX 互转工具

图片转BASE64编码
图片转BASE64编码

在线图片转Base64编码工具

  • New
  • 文章
  • 话题
  • 教程
    • 关注 码农网 公众号
    版权所有，保留一切权利！© 2018-2024 码农网 粤ICP备17054400号-3