【STL】set map的基本用法

内容简介：【STL】set map的基本用法

set

public member function

set ::begin

iterator begin ();
const_iterator begin () const;

Return iterator to beginning

Returns an iterator referring to the first element in the set container.

Internally, set containers keep their elements ordered from lower to higher, therefore begin returns the element with the lowest key value in the set .

Parameters

none

Return Value

An iterator to the first element in the container.

Both iterator and const_iterator are member types. In the set class template, these are bidirectional iterators.

Example

// set::begin/end
#include <iostream>
#include <set>
using namespace std;

int main ()
{
  int myints[] = {75,23,65,42,13};
  set<int> myset (myints,myints+5);

  set<int>::iterator it;

  cout << "myset contains:";
  for ( it=myset.begin() ; it != myset.end(); it++ )
    cout << " " << *it;

  cout << endl;

  return 0;
}

Output:

myset contains: 13 23 42 65 75

public member function

set ::end

iterator end ();
const_iterator end () const;

Return iterator to end

Returns an iterator referring to the past-the-end element in the set container.

Parameters

none

Return Value

An iterator to the element past the end of the container.

Both iterator and const_iterator are member types. In the set class template, these are bidirectional iterators.

Example

// set::begin/end
#include <iostream>
#include <set>
using namespace std;

int main ()
{
  int myints[] = {75,23,65,42,13};
  set<int> myset (myints,myints+5);

  set<int>::iterator it;

  cout << "myset contains:";
  for ( it=myset.begin() ; it != myset.end(); it++ )
    cout << " " << *it;

  cout << endl;

  return 0;
}

Output:

myset contains: 13 23 42 65 75

代码实现

void testSet()
{
	set<int> st;
	st.insert(1);
	st.insert(2);
	st.insert(2);
	st.insert(3);
	st.insert(4);
	st.insert(5);
	
	set<int>::iterator it=st.begin();
	while (it!=st.end())
	{
		cout<<*it<<endl;
		it++;
	}
	cout<<endl;
	//cout<<st.count(2)<<endl;

}

multiset

public member function

multiset ::begin

iterator begin ();
const_iterator begin () const;

Return iterator to beginning

Returns an iterator referring to the first element in the multiset container.

Internally, multiset containers keep their elements ordered from lower to higher, therefore begin returns the element with the lowest key value in the multiset .

Parameters

none

Return Value

An iterator to the first element in the container.

Both iterator and const_iterator are member types. In the multiset class template, these are bidirectional iterators.

Example

// multiset::begin/end
#include <iostream>
#include <set>
using namespace std;

int main ()
{
  int myints[] = {42,71,71,71,12};
  multiset<int> mymultiset (myints,myints+5);

  multiset<int>::iterator it;

  cout << "mymultiset contains:";
  for ( it=mymultiset.begin() ; it != mymultiset.end(); it++ )
    cout << " " << *it;

  cout << endl;

  return 0;
}

Output:

mymultiset contains: 12 42 71 71 71

public member function

multiset ::end

iterator end ();
const_iterator end () const;

Return iterator to end

Returns an iterator referring to the past-the-end element in the multiset container.

Parameters

none

Return Value

An iterator to the element past the end of the container.

Both iterator and const_iterator are member types. In the multiset class template, these are bidirectional iterators.

Example

// multiset::begin/end
#include <iostream>
#include <set>
using namespace std;

int main ()
{
  int myints[] = {15,98,77,77,39};
  multiset<int> mymultiset (myints,myints+5);

  multiset<int>::iterator it;

  cout << "mymultiset contains:";
  for ( it=mymultiset.begin() ; it != mymultiset.end(); it++ )
    cout << " " << *it;

  cout << endl;

  return 0;
}

Output:

mymultiset contains: 15 39 77 77 98

代码实现

void testMULTISET()
{
	multiset<int> mst;
	mst.insert(12);
	mst.insert(12);
	mst.insert(13);
	mst.insert(14);
	mst.insert(16);
	mst.insert(17);

	multiset<int>::iterator it=mst.begin();
	while (it!=mst.end())
	{
		cout<<*it<<endl;
		it++;
	}
	cout<<endl;
	//cout<<mst.count(12)<<endl;
}

map

public member function

map ::begin

iterator begin ();
const_iterator begin () const;

Return iterator to beginning

Returns an iterator referring to the first element in the map container.

Internally, map containers keep their elements ordered by their keys from lower to higher , therefore begin returns the element with the lowest key value in the map .

Parameters

none

Return Value

An iterator to the first element in the container.

Both iterator and const_iterator are member types. In the map class template, these are bidirectional iterators.

Dereferencing this iterator accesses the element's value, which is of type pair <const Key,T> .

Example

// map::begin/end
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
using namespace std;

int main ()
{
  map<char,int> mymap;
  map<char,int>::iterator it;

  mymap['b'] = 100;
  mymap['a'] = 200;
  mymap['c'] = 300;

  // show content:
  for ( it=mymap.begin() ; it != mymap.end(); it++ )
    cout << (*it).first << " => " << (*it).second << endl;

  return 0;
}

Output:

a => 200
b => 100
c => 300

public member function

map ::end

iterator end ();
const_iterator end () const;

Return iterator to end

Returns an iterator referring to the past-the-end element in the map container.

Parameters

none

Return Value

An iterator to the element past the end of the container.

Both iterator and const_iterator are member types. In the map class template, these are bidirectional iterators.

Dereferencing this iterator accesses the element's value, which is of type pair <const Key,T> .

Example

// map::begin/end
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
using namespace std;

int main ()
{
  map<char,int> mymap;
  map<char,int>::iterator it;

  mymap['b'] = 100;
  mymap['a'] = 200;
  mymap['c'] = 300;

  // show content:
  for ( it=mymap.begin() ; it != mymap.end(); it++ )
    cout << (*it).first << " => " << (*it).second << endl;

  return 0;
}

Output:

a => 200
b => 100
c => 300

代码实现

void testCOUNTmap()
{
	map<string,int> CountMap;
	CountMap.insert(pair<string,int>("小白",3));
	CountMap.insert(pair<string,int>("小黑",2));
	CountMap.insert(pair<string,int>("小黄",1));
	CountMap.insert(pair<string,int>("小红",3));
	map<string,int>::iterator it=CountMap.begin();
	while (it!=CountMap.end())
	{
		cout<<" count:"<<CountMap.count((*it).first)<<" 名称："<<(*it).first<<" 编号：" <<(*it).second<<endl;
		it++;
	}
}

求map中前K多的内容

struct CMPbyVALUE
{
	bool operator()(const pair<string,int>&left,const pair<string,int>&right)
	{
		return left.second>right.second;
	}
};
void GetTopKMap1(const int k)
{
	vector<pair<string,int>> v;
	map<string,int> mp;
	map<string,int>::iterator it;
	for (int i=0;i<10;i++)
	{
		mp["苹果"]++;
	}
	for (int i=0;i<9;i++)
	{
		mp["梨"]++;
	}
	for (int i=0;i<8;i++)
	{
		mp["桃子"]++;
	}
	for (int i=0;i<7;i++)
	{
		mp["哈密瓜"]++;
	}
	for(it=mp.begin();it!=mp.end();it++)
	{
		v.push_back(make_pair(it->first,it->second));
	}
	sort(v.begin(),v.end(),CMPbyVALUE());
	for(int j=0;j<k;j++)
		cout<<v[j].first<<" "<<v[j].second<<endl;
	cout<<endl;
}

所有代码

#include <iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
void testSet()
{
	set<int> st;
	st.insert(1);
	st.insert(2);
	st.insert(2);
	st.insert(3);
	st.insert(4);
	st.insert(5);
	
	set<int>::iterator it=st.begin();
	while (it!=st.end())
	{
		cout<<*it<<endl;
		it++;
	}
	cout<<endl;
	//cout<<st.count(2)<<endl;

}
void testMULTISET()
{
	multiset<int> mst;
	mst.insert(12);
	mst.insert(12);
	mst.insert(13);
	mst.insert(14);
	mst.insert(16);
	mst.insert(17);

	multiset<int>::iterator it=mst.begin();
	while (it!=mst.end())
	{
		cout<<*it<<endl;
		it++;
	}
	cout<<endl;
	//cout<<mst.count(12)<<endl;
}
void testMap()
{
	map<string,int> numNameMap;
	pair<map<string,int>::iterator,bool> ret;
	numNameMap.insert(pair<string,int>("小白",3));
	numNameMap.insert(pair<string,int>("小黑",2));
	numNameMap.insert(pair<string,int>("小黄",1));
	numNameMap.insert(pair<string,int>("小红",3));
	map<string,int>::iterator it;
	for(it=numNameMap.begin();it!=numNameMap.end();it++)
	{
		cout<<it->first<<" "<<it->second<<endl;
	}
	cout<<endl;
	ret=numNameMap.insert(pair<string,int>("小红",3));
	if (ret.second==false)
	{
		cout<<ret.first->first<<" "<<ret.first->second<<endl;
	}


}
//void TopCountMap(vector<string>& v)
//{
//	map<string,int> CountMap;
//	CountMap.insert(pair<string,int>("苹果",1));
//	CountMap.insert(pair<string,int>("苹果",1));
//
//	CountMap.insert(pair<string,int>("苹果",1));
//
//	CountMap.insert(pair<string,int>("苹果",1));
//
//	CountMap.insert(pair<string,int>("苹果",1));
//
//	CountMap.insert(pair<string,int>("苹果",1));
//	map<string,int>::iterator i=CountMap.begin();
//	
//	for(;i!=CountMap.end();i++)
//	{
//		pair<map<string,int>::iterator,bool> ret
//			=CountMap.insert(pair<string,int>(v[i],1));
//	}
//	for(int i=0;i!=CountMap.size();i++)
//	{
//	pair<map<string,int>::iterator,bool> ret=CountMap.insert(pair<string,int>(v[i],1));
//	cout<ret.first<<" "<<ret.second <<endl;
//	}
//	
//
//  }
	
void testCOUNTmap()
{
	map<string,int> CountMap;
	CountMap.insert(pair<string,int>("小白",3));
	CountMap.insert(pair<string,int>("小黑",2));
	CountMap.insert(pair<string,int>("小黄",1));
	CountMap.insert(pair<string,int>("小红",3));
	map<string,int>::iterator it=CountMap.begin();
	while (it!=CountMap.end())
	{
		cout<<" count:"<<CountMap.count((*it).first)<<" 名称："<<(*it).first<<" 编号：" <<(*it).second<<endl;
		it++;
	}
}
struct CMPbyVALUE
{
	bool operator()(const pair<string,int>&left,const pair<string,int>&right)
	{
		return left.second>right.second;
	}
};
void GetTopKMap1(const int k)
{
	vector<pair<string,int>> v;
	map<string,int> mp;
	map<string,int>::iterator it;
	for (int i=0;i<10;i++)
	{
		mp["苹果"]++;
	}
	for (int i=0;i<9;i++)
	{
		mp["梨"]++;
	}
	for (int i=0;i<8;i++)
	{
		mp["桃子"]++;
	}
	for (int i=0;i<7;i++)
	{
		mp["哈密瓜"]++;
	}
	for(it=mp.begin();it!=mp.end();it++)
	{
		v.push_back(make_pair(it->first,it->second));
	}
	sort(v.begin(),v.end(),CMPbyVALUE());
	for(int j=0;j<k;j++)
		cout<<v[j].first<<" "<<v[j].second<<endl;
	cout<<endl;
}
//void GetTopKMap2(const int k)
//{
//	vector<pair<string,int>> v;
//	map<string,int> mp;
//	map<string,int>::iterator it;
//	for (int i=0;i<10;i++)
//	{
//		mp["苹果"]++;
//	}
//	for (int i=0;i<9;i++)
//	{
//		mp["梨"]++;
//	}
//	for (int i=0;i<8;i++)
//	{
//		mp["桃子"]++;
//	}
//	for (int i=0;i<7;i++)
//	{
//		mp["哈密瓜"]++;
//	}
//	for(it=mp.begin();it!=mp.end();it++)
//	{
//		v.push_back(make_pair(it->first,it->second));
//	}
//     v.reserve(v.size());
//	sort(v.begin(),v.end(),CMPbyVALUE());
//	
//	for(int j=0;j<k;j++)
//		cout<<v[j].first<<" "<<v[j].second<<endl;
//	cout<<endl;
//}
int main()
{
	vector<string> v;
	testSet();
	testMULTISET();
	testMap();
	testCOUNTmap();
	GetTopKMap1(3);
	GetTopKMap1(4);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

结果

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